软夹轮压式甘薯移栽机设计与试验  

Design and testing of a soft clamp wheel type sweet potato transplanter

作　　者：秦宽[1,2] 魏新钊 李光耀 王威 葛俊 吴正敏[4] 毕海军 曹成茂 QIN Kuan;WEI Xinzhao;LI Guangyao;WANG Wei;GE Jun;WU Zhengmin;BI Haijun;CAO Chengmao(School of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 210036,China;Anhui Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Engineering Laboratory,Hefei 210036,China;Si County Weida Agricultural Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou Anhui 234300,China;School of Tea&Food Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥210036 [2]安徽省智能农机装备工程实验室,合肥210036 [3]泗县伟达农机具有限公司,安徽宿州234300 [4]安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院,合肥210036

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2024年第4期73-84,共12页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52105239);安徽省农业物质技术装备揭榜挂帅暨农机补短板项目(311162360023)。

摘　　要：针对甘薯裸苗移栽伤苗率与漏苗率偏高问题,根据人工移栽可实现低伤苗率、低漏苗率的特点,设计可模仿人工移栽的压苗轮和软夹供苗装置。通过分析人工移栽轨迹投影,提取其曲率半径,得到压苗轮半径。对压苗齿进行受力分析推导出压苗齿与加强筋尺寸参数。分析软夹供苗装置两软夹间距并确定取值区间。通过多因素试验优化结构参数,得出最佳作业参数为:作业速度0.7 m·s^(-1),甘薯苗裸露长度11 cm,两软夹间距220 mm。软夹供苗式甘薯移栽机整机设计完成后进行验证试验。结果表明,当移栽机保持0.7 m·s^(-1)速度前进时,可实现伤苗率2.11%,漏苗率2.22%,满足甘薯机械移栽要求。该移栽机采用创新式旋转装置移栽,可对甘薯移栽机设计与优化提供参考。Addressing the high injury and missing rates associated with bare-root sweet potato seedlings,a design imitating manual transplanting was developed based on the low injury and missing rates achievable by human labor.This design included a seedling press wheel and a soft clamp seedling supply device.By analyzing the trajectory projection of manual transplanting,the curvature radius was extracted to determine the radius of the seedling press wheel.A force analysis on the seedling press teeth led to the derivation of the dimensions of the teeth and the reinforcing ribs.The spacing between the two soft clamps in the seedling supply device was analyzed,and a suitable range for this parameter was determined.Through multi-factor experimental optimization of structural parameters,the optimal operating parameters were as follows:an operating speed of 0.7 m·s^(-1),a sweet potato seedling exposure length of 11 cm,and the distance of 220 mm between the two soft clamps.After the completion of the overall design of the soft clamp seedling supply type sweet potato transplanter,verification tests were conducted.The results indicated that when the transplanter moved forward at a speed of 0.7 m·s^(-1),it could achieve a seedling injury rate of 2.11%and a seedling omission rate of 2.22%,meeting the requirements for mechanical sweet potato transplantation.This transplanter employed an innovative rotary mechanism for transplantation,which could provide a reference for the design and optimization of sweet potato transplanters.

关 键 词：甘薯 移栽 软夹 试验 

分 类 号：S223.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]