甘露醇对放牧绵羊瘤胃、粪便菌群结构以及血清抗氧化和免疫指标的影响  

Effect of Mannitol on Rumen and Fecal Microbiome Structure,Serum Antioxidant and Immune Indices of Grazing Sheep

作　　者：晓敏[1] 阿拉达尔 弓剑[1] XIAO Min;Alder;GONG Jian(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,College of Life Sciences and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古自治区高等学校生物多样性保护与可持续利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2024年第7期2860-2870,共11页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020LH03011);内蒙古自治区人力资源和社会保障厅2021年度留学人员创新创业启动支持计划项目;内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2022JBQN088)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨甘露醇对放牧绵羊瘤胃、粪便微生物菌群及血清抗氧化、免疫指标的影响。【方法】选择7~8月龄、初始体重相近(27.10 kg±3.55 kg)的健康绵羊10只,采用单因素完全随机试验设计分为两组,每组5只。对照组绵羊补饲不添加甘露醇的玉米面100 g/d,试验组补饲添加1 g甘露醇的玉米面100 g/d。在自然放牧条件下饲喂35 d,其中预试期5 d,正试期30 d。在正试期开始和结束日放牧前称体重,计算平均日增重(ADG);在试验结束日放牧前分别采集瘤胃液、粪便及颈静脉血液,采用16S rRNA测序方法分析瘤胃及粪便微生物区系;采用相关试剂盒测定血清抗氧化和免疫指标。【结果】与对照组相比,(1)试验组绵羊ADG、瘤胃液pH和氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量均无显著差异(P>0.05);瘤胃液的总短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)、乙酸和丙酸浓度均显著提高(P<0.05)。(2)试验组绵羊瘤胃及粪便微生物OTU数目、Alpha多样性指数均无显著差异(P>0.05);瘤胃及粪便微生物基于abund_jaccard近似距离的PCoA均显著分离(P<0.05)。(3)在门水平上,试验组绵羊瘤胃微生物无显著差异(P>0.05),粪便中厚壁菌门相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),拟杆菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05);在属水平上,试验组绵羊瘤胃中瘤胃球菌科NK4A214相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),粪便中未分类的毛螺菌科相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。(4)试验组绵羊血清免疫相关指标均无显著差异(P>0.05),血清谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】在放牧条件下补饲甘露醇可提高绵羊瘤胃液乙酸、丙酸和总SCFAs浓度和瘤胃中瘤胃球菌科NK4A214相对丰度;使粪便中厚壁菌门和未分类的毛螺菌科相对丰度降低,拟杆菌门相对丰度提高;提高机体抗氧化能力。【Objective】This experiment was aimed to study the effects of mannitol on the gastrointestinal microflora and serum antioxidant and immune indexes of grazing sheep.【Method】Ten healthy 7-8 months old sheep with similar body weight(27.10 kg±3.55 kg)were selected and randomly divided into two groups by single factor complete randomized trial design,with five sheep in each group.Sheep in control group was supplemented with 100 g/d of corn powder without mannitol,and in experimantal group was supplemented with 100 g/d of corn powder containing 1 g mannitol.A 35 day feeding experiment was conducted under natural grazing conditions,with 5 d for adaptation period and 30 d for experimental period.Weights were weighed before grazing on the start and end days of the positive trial period and daily average weight gain(ADG)was calculated.On the last experimental day,rumen fluid,feces samples,and jugular vein blood were collected,respectively.The 16S rRNA sequencing method was used to analyze the changes in rumen and fecal microflora of sheep.Serum antioxidant and immune indexes were determined using relevant kits.【Result】①There was no significant difference in ADG,pH and NH_(3)-N content of rumen fluid between the control and experimental groups(P>0.05),while the concentration of acetic acid,propionic acid and total SCFAs in rumen fluid in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).②There were no significant difference in the number of OTUs and the Alpha diversity index of rumen and faeces microorganisms in the control and experimental groups(P>0.05).However,PCoA based on abund_jaccard proximity distance for both rumen and facecal microorganisms were significantly separated in experimental group from control group(P<0.05).③At the phylum level,there was no significant difference between control and experimental groups in terms of rumen microbes(P>0.05),the abundance of Firmicutes was significantly lower,and the abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly higher in the fa

关 键 词：甘露醇 放牧绵羊 菌群结构 免疫 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]