基于二维地震数据的北部湾南康盆地南缘地层结构探测研究  

Stratigraphic structure exploration in the southern margin of Nankang basin in Beibu Gulf based on 2D seismic data

作　　者：陈松 徐俊杰 孙尧[3] 刘圣博 刘磊 陈长敬 王磊 CHEN Song;XU Junjie;SUN Yao;LIU Shengbo;LIU Lei;CHEN Changjing;WANG Lei(Wuhan Center of Geological Survey(Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences),CGS,Wuhan 430205,Hubei,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Paleontologyand Geological Environment Evolution,Wuhan 430205,Hubei,China;Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心(中南地质科技创新中心),湖北武汉430205 [2]古生物与地质环境演化湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430205 [3]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地质通报》2024年第6期994-1003,共10页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：古生物与地质环境演化湖北省重点实验室基金《北部湾南康盆地南缘凹陷地层精细结构与沉积环境地震属性研究》(编号:PEL-202212)、国家重点研发计划项目《地下水源智能可靠勘测关键技术及装备研发》(编号:2020YFC1512401)、中国地质调查局项目《北海海岸带陆海统筹综合地质调查》(编号:DD20189502)。

摘　　要：近地表二维地震数据在地层结构探测中应用广泛,但从二维地震数据体提取相关地震属性并应用于沉积环境解释的案例较少。通过采用多种叠前噪音去除、振幅补偿、反褶积、高精度速度分析与叠加等处理技术,获得供地层结构划分与属性提取的高信噪比叠加地震剖面。提取盆地基底等T0值,并优选均方根振幅、瞬时频率、主频率、带宽等地震属性,计算了基底埋深等T0空间分布图、相关地震属性分布图。结果表明,盆地基底西北部埋深小于东南部,呈现北西—南东向倾斜入海的趋势;盆地埋深浅的基底目标沉积环境,对应均方根振幅高、带宽值高,埋深大的基底目标沉积环境,对应均方根振幅低、带宽值低,瞬时频率与主频率也呈现低值特征。Near surface two-dimensional seismic data are widely used in stratigraphic structure detection,but there are few cases of extracting relevant attributes from two-dimensional seismic data volume and applying them to sedimentary environment interpretation.By using a variety of pre-stack noise removal,amplitude compensation,deconvolution,high-precision velocity analysis and stacking processing techniques,a stacked seismic profile with high signal-to-noise ratio for stratigraphic structure division and attribute extraction is obtained.In this paper,the T0 values of basin basement are extracted,and the seismic attributes such as root mean square amplitude,instantaneous frequency,dominant frequency and bandwidth are optimized.The T0 spatial distribution map of the basement burial depth and the distribution map of relevant seismic attributes are calculated.The results show that the buried depth in the northwest of the basin basement is less than that in the southeast,showing a trend of dipping in to the sea from northwest to southeast;the basement target sedimentary environment with shallow burial depth corresponds to high root mean square amplitude and high bandwidth.The basement target sedimentary environment with large burial depth corresponds to low root mean square amplitude and low bandwidth,and the instantaneous frequency and dominant frequency also present low values.

关 键 词：盆地基底 地层结构 均方根振幅 瞬时频率 主频率 带宽 沉积环境 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P539.1[天文地球—地质学]