私玉之禁:乾隆时期国家对回疆的资源管控与法律实践  

The Prohibition of Private Jades:State Resource Control and Judicial Practices in Xinjiang during the Qianlong Reign

作　　者：惠男 Hui Nan

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（明清史）》2023年第4期28-41,共14页HISTORY OF MING AND QING DYNASTIES

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“19世纪上半叶清朝的边疆与边政研究”(22&ZD231)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乾隆四十三年叶尔羌办事大臣高朴私玉石案发生后,清朝开始严禁回疆的玉石贸易。学界以往的研究多强调此案的政治和商业意义,却忽略了其所引发的司法效应。本文通过挖掘相关的满文档案,梳理清代回疆玉石资源的管控策略的形成过程,考察其在司法层面带给各回城的回民以及寓居于新疆的浩罕或巴达克山等地的中亚回商所带来的影响,并揭示出这些法律实践推动《大清律例》的相关条款在回疆施行的过程。After the case of Gaopu,the Grand Minister Superintendent of Yarkand,who was charged with corrup-tion in 1778,the Qing court began to adopt very strict policies against the jade trade in Xinjiang.Previous scholarship has emphasized the political and commercial significance of this case,while overlooking its judicial effects.This article,through a variety of Manchu language archives,examines not only the process of forming the management strategies of jade resources,but the impacts of relevant judicial practices on the local Muslims and the foreign merchants from Central Asia,such as Kokand and Badakshan.It also reveals how these judicial practices contributed to the implementation of the relevant provisions of the Great Qing Code as a national law in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：私玉 回疆 大清律例 乾隆 司法 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学] D929[历史地理—中国史]