脂肪胺窄分布乙氧基化物的合成及其性能研究  

Synthesis and properties of narrow-distribution ethoxylate of aliphatic amine

作　　者：郎钰 耿涛[1,2] 周婧洁 孙晋源 梁慧斌[1,2] 王春雨 Yu Lang;Tao Geng;Jingjie Zhou;Jinyuan Sun;Huibin Liang;Chunyu Wang(China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国日用化学工业研究院,山西太原030001 [2]功能性表面活性剂山西省重点实验室,山西太原030001

出　　处：《日用化学工业（中英文）》2024年第6期640-647,共8页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2022C037)。

摘　　要：采用催化剂KOH、SnCl_(4)、实验室自制弱碱性非均相催化剂(NHGC)催化十二脂肪胺与环氧乙烷的乙氧基化反应,合成了加合数为5的十二胺聚氧乙烯醚(DAEO_(5))。根据文献报道,催化剂的种类会直接影响产物的分子量分布。因此通过分析不同催化体系制备的DAEO_(5),并对其分子量分布宽窄、表面活性剂溶液的表面张力、理化性质和应用性能进行了研究。研究结果表明,与传统的乙氧基化催化剂相比,NHGC制备的DAEO_(5)具有较窄的低聚物分布和较低的游离胺含量,且产品的黏度和水溶液的浊点较其他产品都较高。利用不同催化体系合成的DAEO_(5)的∆G_(mic)和∆G_(mic)均小于0,表明DAEO_(5)能在水中自发形成胶束和吸附层。NHGC合成产品的润湿性和乳化性能较好,其润湿时间远低于用KOH和SnCl4作为催化剂合成的产品。不同催化剂合成产品去污能力相差不大,但是不同催化体系合成的相同EO加合数的DAEO对于炭黑污布的去污能力比对皮脂污布的去污能力强。Dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether(DAEO_(5))was synthesized by ethoxylation of dodecyl amine with ethylene oxide(EO)using catalysts KOH,SnCl4,and a weakly basic heterogeneous catalyst(NHGC)made by our laboratory.The total EO number in the molecular structure of DAEO_(5) was 5.According to the literature,the type of catalysts directly affects the molecular weight distribution of the product.Therefore,those DAEO_(5) products prepared with different catalytic systems were analyzed,as well as their molecular weight distribution,surface tension of aqueous solutions,physicochemical properties,and application performance.The results showed that,the DAEO_(5) prepared with NHGC had narrower distribution and lower content of free amine than those prepared with conventional catalysts of ethoxylation,and its viscosity and cloud point in aqueous solution were higher than those of other products.The∆G_(mic) and∆G_(mic)of DAEO_(5) synthesized using different catalytic systems were all negative,indicating that DAEO_(5) could spontaneously form micelles and adsorption layer in water.The wetting and emulsifying properties of the product synthesized with NHGC were better,and its wetting time was much shorter than those products synthesized using KOH and SnCl4 as catalysts.The detergency of products synthesized with different catalysts did not differ much,but their detergency was different for carbon black stained cloth and sebum stained cloth,which was significantly better for carbon black stained cloth than for sebum stained cloth.

关 键 词：脂肪胺 乙氧基化 窄分布 物化性能 应用性能 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]