用于微波除冰的吸波骨料选择及路面吸波功能层设计  

Optimization of Absorbing Aggregates for Microwave Deicing and Design of Concrete Pavement Absorbing Functional Layer

作　　者：赵静[1,2] 王选仓 辛磊[3] 宋子豪 任俊儒 杨朝山 ZHAO Jing;WANG Xuancang;XIN Lei;SONG Zihao;REN Junru;YANG Chaoshan(School of Highway,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China;School of Energy and Architecture,Xi’an Aeronautical Institute,Xi’an 710077,China;Sinohydro Corporation Engineering Bureau 15 Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710064,China;Army Logistical Academy of PLA,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,西安710064 [2]西安航空学院能源与建筑学院,西安710077 [3]中国水电建设集团十五工程局有限公司,西安710064 [4]中国人民解放军陆军勤务学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第12期82-89,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：军队后勤开放研究项目(CLJ19J021)。

摘　　要：相比传统除冰方式,微波可穿透冰层并选择性加热路面,进而破坏冰对路面的粘附性。针对现有吸波混凝土应用于整个面层,进而导致吸波骨料利用率不足的问题,本工作设计了一种具有吸波功能层的路面结构。首先综合对比分析了三种吸波骨料与石灰岩的微波升温特性、微波耐久性、骨料与水泥石粘附性以及经济性能,选择综合性能较好的吸波骨料;然后探究了不同粒径的吸波骨料的升温速率和替代石灰岩后其对混凝土力学性能的影响程度,以及不同厚度的吸波混凝土上、下表面温度及上下表面温度差变化规律,推荐了最佳的吸波骨料替换粒径及功能层厚度;最后研究了石墨掺量对微波均匀性及力学强度的影响,推荐了最佳石墨掺量。结果表明:在四种骨料中,磁铁矿的综合性能较好;磁铁矿的粒径为16~19 mm时升温速率最快,且其替换相应粒径的石灰岩所制备的吸波混凝土结构强度比普通混凝土高50%,吸波混凝土功能层设计厚度为5 cm可保证材料的最优利用率。同时,3%的石墨掺量可改善微波加热的均匀性并满足力学要求。研究结果可为微波除冰应用于道路及机场路面提供参考。Microwaves can easily penetrate the ice,selectively heat the pavement surface and destroy the adhesion of ice to the road surface,compared with the traditional deicing method.This work develops a novel microwave absorbing function layer of concrete pavement.Firstly,the microwave heating characteristics,microwave durability,aggregate-matrix interface bond adhesion,and the economics of absorbing aggregates and limestone were comprehensively analyzed.One absorbing aggregate with better comprehensive performance was determined.The heating rate of the various particle size of microwave absorbing aggregate,the influence of the mechanical properties of the concrete after limestone replacement,and the tendency of upper and lower surfaces and their temperature difference of the various thickness microwave absorbing concrete were explored.And the optimal replacement particle size and the thickness of the absorbing function layer were recommended.Finally,the effect of graphite content on microwave heating performance and mechanical strength was studied,and the optimal content was determined.The results show that magnetite has better comprehensive properties;magnetite with a particle size of 16—19 mm has the best heating rate,and the strength of the microwave absorbing concrete prepared by replacing the corresponding limestone is higher than that of ordinary concrete.The thickness of the microwave-absorbing concrete functional layer is 5 cm to ensure optimal material utilization.At the same time,3%graphite content can improve the uniformity of microwave heating and satisfy the mechanical requirements.The research results can provide a reference for microwave deicing applications and road and airport pavement.

关 键 词：微波除冰 水泥混凝土路面 吸波功能层 升温性能 加热均匀性 

分 类 号：U414[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]