饲养方式对滩羊肌内脂肪沉积影响及相关基因表达差异研究  

Effects of feeding methods on intramuscular fat deposition and differential expression of related genes in Tan sheep

作　　者：张力莉[1] 康燕 任文义 张宁[1] 徐晓锋[1] ZHANG Lili;KANG Yan;REN Wenyi;ZHANG Ning;XU Xiaofeng(Animal Science and Technology College University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第13期28-33,共6页China Feed

基　　金：高精料条件下滩羊瘤胃菌群代谢特征及体脂沉积差异的分子机制(2022AAC03126)。

摘　　要：本试验基于转录组学技术探讨舍饲与放牧条件下,滩羊脂肪沉积的差异及相关表达基因的筛选及分析。试验采用随机区组的试验设计方法,将体况相近的12只4月龄滩羊羯羊随机分为2组,每组6只,分别采用放牧和舍饲的饲养模式。于6月龄屠宰取背最长肌与股二头肌。试验结果表明:舍饲滩羊背最长肌肌内脂肪(IMF)含量显著高于放牧组(P <0.05),放牧组滩羊背最长肌IMF含量为(1.4567±0.0987)%,舍饲组滩羊背最长肌IMF含量为(2.0700±0.1493)%。股二头肌IMF含量舍饲组较放牧组高,但差异不显著。与舍饲组滩羊相比,放牧组滩羊背最长肌与股二头肌饱和脂肪酸含量均低,其中背最长肌己酸(C6:0)、癸酸(C10:0)、肉豆蔻酸(C14:0)、十五烷酸(C15:0)、棕榈油酸(C16:1)、十七烷酸(C17:0)、十七碳烯酸(C17:1)、硬脂酸(C18:0)含量显著低于舍饲组(P <0.05),股二头肌十五烷酸(C15:0)、棕榈油酸(C16:1)、十七烷酸(C17:0)显著低于舍饲组(P <0.05),碳原子数≥18的长链脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸含量以放牧组滩羊较高,其中背最长肌二十一烷酸(C21:0)和股二头肌十七碳烯酸(C17:1)含量显著低于舍饲组(P <0.05)。基于转录组学分析得知,与舍饲组相比,放牧组滩羊背最长肌脂肪代谢基因表达量显著下调的有酰基辅酶A硫酯酶7(ACOT7)、脂肪细胞分化转录因子(ADIG)与酰基辅酶A氧化酶2(ACOX2)(P <0.05),显著上调的有溶质载体家族7成员8(SLC7A8)、游离脂肪酸受体4(FFAR4)与胰岛素样生长因子2(IGF2)(P <0.05)。放牧组滩羊股二头肌脂肪代谢基因表达显著下调的有ACOT7、ADIG、脂肪酸结合蛋白4(FABP4)与脂肪酶A(LIPA)(P<0.05),显著上调的有花生四烯酸15-脂加氧酶(ALOX15)与二酰基甘油O-酰基转移酶2(DGAT2)(P <0.05)。This experiment was based on transcriptomic techniques to investigate the differences in fat deposition and the screening and analysis of related expressed genes between housed and grazed Tan sheep.Twelve 4-month-old Tan sheep of similar body condition were randomly divided into 2 groups of 6 animals each and were reared in grazing and housing mode.The longest back muscle and biceps femoris were slaughtered at 6 months of age.The results showed that the intramuscular fat(IMF) content in the longest dorsal muscle was significantly higher in the housed group than in the grazing group(P < 0.05).The IMF content of the longest dorsal muscle of Tan sheep in the grazing group was(1.4567±0.0987)%,and that of the longest dorsal muscle of beach goats in the housed group was(2.0700±0.1493)%.The IMF content in the biceps brachii muscle was higher in the housed group than in the grazing group,but the difference was not significant.Compared with the housed group,the saturated fatty acid contents of the longest dorsal muscle and biceps femoris of the grazing group were lower,with the longest dorsal muscle having lower contents of hexanoic acid(C6:0),caprylic acid(C10:0),myristic acid(C14:0),pentadecanoic acid(C15:0),palmitoleic acid(C16:1),heptadecanoic acid(C17:0),heptadecenoic acid(C17:1),stearic acid(C18:0).The content of long-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids with carbon atoms ≥18 was higher in the grazing group of Tan sheep,with the longest dorsal muscle 21-carbon alkanoic acid(C21:0) and biceps femoris 17-carbon alkanoic acid(C17:0) being significantly lower than in the grazing group(P < 0.05).Based on transcriptomic analysis,compared with the housed group,the expression of the longest dorsal muscle fat metabolism genes in the grazing group of Tan sheep was significantly downregulated by acyl coenzyme A thioesterase 7(ACOT7),adipocyte differentiation transcription factor(ADIG) and acyl coenzyme A oxidase 2(ACOX2)(P < 0.05),and significantly upregulated by solute carrier family 7 member 8(SLC7A8),free fatty

关 键 词：滩羊 转录组 脂肪代谢 差异基因筛选 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]