运动界面的电磁波相位匹配  

Phase matching of electromagnetic wave on moving interface

作　　者：袁金健 顾民 黄润生[1] Yuan Jin-Jian;Gu Min Huang;Run-Sheng(School of Physics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学物理学院,南京210093

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第13期121-125,共5页Acta Physica Sinica

摘　　要：电磁波在运动物体表面的折射反射和内部的传播研究中,运动界面的电磁场相位匹配作为一个重要问题,只有用Galileo变换的讨论,但运动边界对电磁波传播的相对论效应是不应被忽略的.本文从空间曲面方程的定义和相对性原理出发导出了运动曲面单位法向量的变换式,基于该变换式导出了运动边界的电磁场边界条件.同时基于单位法向量的变换式导出考虑相对论效应时电磁波在运动边界的相位匹配.虽然该工作不涉及量子效应的影响,但可以为电磁波通讯和电磁遥感遥测的理论分析提供一些参考.Due to the boundary conditions of electromagnetic fields and phase matching of electro magnetic waves on interface being the basis to drive the Snell's laws and Fresnel's laws,they are also crucial for the analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation in a moving medium.There are mainly two methods to derive the boundary conditions of electromagnetic fields on moving interface.One of them is to use the kinematic integral form,yet this method is based on the classical time-space,and the other is based on the relativistic transformation,the boundary conditions are derived from the scaling effect with geometric method,or from the principle of relativity directly.However,the first one has a form the same as the form obtained by using the kinematic integral form,while the second one obtains a different form.At the same time,the phase matching of electromagnetic wave on moving interface is only discussed by Galileo transformation,however this is unreasonable,because of the relativistic effect cannot be ignored here.Therefore,it is necessary to reexamine the boundary conditions of electromagnetic fields and phase matching of electromagnetic wave on moving interface.Herein,firstly,the relativistic transformation formula of the unit normal vector of moving surface is derived from the surface equation and principle of relativity.Secondly,the boundary conditions of electromagnetic fields on moving interface are given based on the relativistic transformation formula and the non-relativistic transformation formula of the unit normal vector and electromagnetic fields,which show that the boundary conditions of electromagnetic fields on moving interface under the relativistic case and the nonrelativistic case have the same form.This is not accidental but definite,because the change of flux of electromagnetic fields,like the change of magnetic flux,from the induction of electromagnetic filed is the same as that from the variation of surface element.Thirdly,the phase matching of electromagnetic wave on moving interface is given bas

关 键 词：电磁波 运动界面 相位匹配 相对性原理 

分 类 号：O441.4[理学—电磁学]