拔节期喷施纳米锌对水稻产量、品质和籽粒锌含量的影响  

Effects of foliar spraying of Zn nanoparticles during the jointing stage on rice yield,quality and grain zinc content

作　　者：陈振玲 王锐 陈洁 浦佳玲 杨艳菊 张洪程 张海鹏 CHEN Zhenling;WANG Rui;CHEN Jie;PU Jialing;YANG Yanju;ZHANG Hongcheng;ZHANG Haipeng(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/农业农村部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2024年第6期961-968,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2022338);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS2023485);扬州市“绿扬金凤计划”项目(YZLYJFJH2021YXBS155);江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202211117128Y)

摘　　要：针对稻米锌含量普遍较低的现状,本研究以南粳9108为材料,通过拔节期不同用量(0 kg/hm^(2)、0.2 kg/hm^(2)、0.4 kg/hm^(2)、0.6 kg/hm^(2)、0.8 kg/hm^(2)、1.0 kg/hm^(2))的纳米锌悬浊液叶面喷施试验,分析喷施纳米锌对水稻产量、品质及籽粒锌含量的影响。结果表明,拔节期喷施高剂量(0.8~1.0 kg/hm^(2))的纳米锌悬浊液可显著提高水稻每穗粒数、结实率和千粒重;纳米锌施用量为1.0 kg/hm^(2)时,水稻较不施纳米锌处理(CK)增产3.9%,效果显著。与CK相比,拔节期喷施0.8~1.0 kg/hm^(2)纳米锌能显著提高稻米糙米率、精米率和整精米率,降低稻米垩白粒率和垩白度。施用纳米锌对稻米食味值、崩解值和回复值等存在正向影响,而对蛋白质含量和直链淀粉含量整体无显著影响。喷施纳米锌能够显著提高水稻籽粒锌含量,促进锌在可食用部位的富集,提高锌的生物利用率。因此,拔节期喷施0.8~1.0 kg/hm^(2)纳米锌悬浊液有利于提高水稻籽粒锌含量,实现水稻优质丰产。In view of the current situation of low zinc content in rice,Nanjing 9108 was used as the material in this study.The effects of nano-zinc suspension on rice yield,quality and grain zinc content were analyzed by foliar spraying experiments at jointing stage with different dosages(0 kg/hm^(2),0.2 kg/hm^(2),0.4 kg/hm^(2),0.6 kg/hm^(2),0.8 kg/hm^(2),1.0 kg/hm^(2)).The results showed that spraying high dosages(0.8-1.0 kg/hm^(2))of nano-zinc suspension at jointing stage could significantly increase the number of grains per panicle,seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight of rice.When the application amount of nano-zinc was 1.0 kg/hm^(2),the yield of rice increased by 3.9%compared with no nano-zinc treatment(CK),and the effect was significant.Compared with CK,spraying 0.8-1.0 kg/hm^(2)nano-zinc at jointing stage could significantly increase brown rice rate,milled rice rate and head rice rate,and could reduce chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree of rice.The application of nano-zinc had positive effects on the taste value,disintegration value and recovery value of rice,but had no significant effect on protein content or amylose content.Spraying nano-zinc can significantly increase the grain zinc content,promote the enrichment of zinc in edible parts,and improve the bioavailability of zinc.Therefore,spraying 0.8-1.0 kg/hm^(2)nano zinc suspension at jointing stage is beneficial for improving the zinc content in rice grains to achieve high quality and high yield of rice.

关 键 词：纳米锌 水稻产量 稻米品质 叶面喷施 锌生物利用率 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]