北极海域海浪变化及归因分析  

Analysis of the changes and attributions of wave in the Arctic Ocean

作　　者：韩飞 邵伟增 江涛 HAN Fei;SHAO Weizeng;JIANG Tao(Hainan South China Sea Coastal Engineering and Ecological Environment Research Institute,Haikou 570100,China;Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]海南南海海岸工程与生态环境研究所,海南海口570100 [2]上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋通报》2024年第4期510-520,共11页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42076238);上海市自然科学基金(23ZR1426900)。

摘　　要：北极海浪是北极地区重要的海洋环境要素,为了进一步了解北极海域海浪变化及归因,本文通过利用海浪数值模式WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3)对1993-2021年期间北极海域海浪进行模拟,将WW3模拟的海浪结果与OSTM/Jason-2高度计数据时空匹配,对比结果显示:两者数据的相关性(COR)为0.93,均方根误差为0.63 m,模拟结果适用于北极海域海浪变化研究。结果表明:(1)由于冬季平均海表面风速值较夏季更大,无海冰区能产生更高的海浪,导致北极海域冬季海浪强度明显高于夏季。而夏季由于海冰分布减少和厚度小于1 m的冰层增多,无冰区海浪传播冲击薄冰区域引发海冰破碎,同时引发厚度较薄的海域海浪活动,以此使得海浪活动范围比冬季广。(2)北极海域海浪存在周期性变化,但在年平均尺度上海浪强度总体呈上升趋势。海冰的厚度及密集度分布与海浪变化相反,呈下降趋势。说明海冰的厚度和密集度数值越大在一定程度上会限制海浪活动,同时,北极海域海浪活动的主要动力源是海面风场。Arctic sea waves are one of the important environmental factors in the Arctic region.In order to further understand the changes and attribution of sea waves in the Arctic sea area,this paper simulates the sea waves in the Arctic sea area from 1993 to 2021,using the wave numerical model WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3).The sea waves simulated by WW3 are validated with the OSTM/Jason-2 altimeter data.The comparison results show that the correlation(COR)is 0.93,and the RMSE is 0.63m.The simulation results are applicable for the wave analysis in the Arctic Ocean.The results show that:(1)Due to the higher average sea surface wind speed in winter compared to in summer,areas without sea ice can generate higher waves,resulting in significantly higher wave intensity in Arctic waters in winter.In summer,due to a decrease in the distribution of sea ice and an increase in ice layers with a thickness of less than 1m,wave propagation in ice free areas impacts thin ice areas,causing sea ice fragmentation,and also triggering wave activity in thinner sea areas,resulting in a wider range of wave activity than in winter.(2)There are periodic changes in the waves in the Arctic waters,but the overall wave height shows an upward trend at the annual average scale.The sea ice thickness and concentration distribution are opposite to the changes of sea waves,showing a downward trend.The greater the thickness and density of sea ice,the more it limits wave activities to a certain extent.At the same time,the main power source of wave activity in the Arctic waters is the sea surface wind field.

关 键 词：北极波候 WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ ECMWF风场数据 海冰数据 

分 类 号：P715.7[天文地球—海洋科学] P743.2