不同砧木对西瓜断根嫁接苗生长发育的影响  

Effects of different rootstocks on the growth and development of root-cutting grafted watermelon seedlings

作　　者：任慧转 周海姣 尧甜 潘文博 丁明[1,2,3] REN Huizhuan;ZHOU Haijiao;YAO Tian;PANWenbo;DING Ming(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Province Facility Agriculture Engineering Center,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业农村部西北设施园艺工程重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西省设施农业工程中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第7期107-110,143,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202202YD0002C);青海省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY017)。

摘　　要：为了筛选适合西瓜断根嫁接的砧木,以早佳(8424)西瓜为接穗,其自根苗为对照,以杂交南瓜京欣砧2号、瓠瓜亲抗水瓜和野生西瓜勇士为砧木,研究了不同砧木对西瓜断根嫁接苗生长发育和根系形态的影响。结果表明,3种砧木断根西瓜嫁接苗之间砧穗疏导能力均无显著差异,但京欣砧2号砧木断根嫁接成活率最高,为89.9%。与自根苗相比,3种砧木断根嫁接苗均提高了植株的株高、茎粗、根冠比、壮苗指数和叶绿素相对含量,京欣砧2号砧木壮苗指数显著高于亲抗水瓜和勇士砧木,且京欣砧2号砧木断根西瓜嫁接苗具有更好的根系形态和更强的根系活力。综上所述,西瓜断根嫁接采用京欣砧2号作为砧木效果最佳,适宜在生产上推广应用。In order to screen suitable rootstock for root-cutting grafted watermelon,Zaojia(8424)watermelon was grafted on Jingxinzhen No.2 squash,Qinkangshuigua gourd and Yongshi wild watermelon.And the effects of different rootstocks on the growth and root development of root-cutting grafted watermelon seedlings were studied.The results showed that there was no significant difference among the transport capacity of the joint of root-cutting grafted watermelons grafted on 3 rootstocks.But the survival rate of the watermelon seedlings grafted on Jingxinzhen No.2 was the highest(89.9%).Compared with the self-rooted seedlings,the root cutting grafting method of 3 rootstocks improved the plant height,stem diameter,root to shoot ratio,strong seedling index and SPAD,and the Jingxinzhen No.2 rootstock treatment was the most prominent.Compared with Qinkangshuigua and Yongshi rootstock,watermelon seedlings root-cutting grated on Jingxinzhen No.2 had better root growth and stronger root activity.In conclusion,Jingxinzhen No.2 is the best rootstock for watermelon by root-cutting method,which is suitable for popularizing in production.

关 键 词：西瓜 砧木 断根嫁接 根系形态 种苗生长 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]