基于SSR标记黄淮海地区夏大豆区域试验参试品系遗传多样性及粒形性状关联位点分析  

Analysis of genetic diversity and associated loci of grain shape traits in summer soybean regional test lines in Huang-Huai-Hai region based on SSR markers

作　　者：刘丽 王培 王传之 陈先连 宁可君 杨雪 舒英杰 惠雪 何庆元 LIU Li;WANG Pei;WANG Chuanzhi;CHEN Xianlian;NING Kejun;YANG Xue;SHU Yingjie;HUI Xue;HE Qingyuan(College of Agriculture,Anhui Science and Technology University,Chuzhou 239000,China;Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suzhou 234000,China;School of Biological and Food Engineering,Suzhou University,Suzhou 234000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院农学院,安徽滁州239000 [2]宿州市农业科学院,安徽宿州234000 [3]宿州学院生物与食品工程学院,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2024年第5期785-795,共11页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省教育厅重大项目(2023AH040279);安徽省重点研发项目(202104a06020029);国家自然科学基金项目(32101704);四川省科技计划项目(2022SZYZF08);四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2021YFYZ0018);四川豆类杂粮创新团队春大豆技术研究岗位项目(SCCXTD-2020-20);安徽省大学生创新课题(202210879102、S202210879310)。

摘　　要：为指导黄淮海地区夏大豆亲本选配和品种选育,通过在20条染色体上分布基本均匀的135对SSR标记对192份黄淮海地区参试夏大豆品系进行基因分型,分析品系的遗传分化和遗传多样性,测量品系的粒长、粒宽、粒长粒宽比,并进行粒形性状位点关联分析。结果表明,135对标记共检测出365个等位基因,平均每个标记检测到2.703 7个等位基因,变化范围为1~5个,多态信息含量为0~0.676 7,平均值为0.368 6。供试的192份大豆品系遗传多样性(多态性百分率=97.78%,等位基因数=2.703 7,有效等位基因数=1.956 1,Shannon’s信息指数=0.709 0)丰富,根据供试大豆品系来自区域分为5个自然居群,自然居群间遗传相似度(GI≥0.925 2)较高,遗传距离(GD≤0.077 8)小,表明黄淮海地区品种间交流频繁,遗传资源丰富。群体结构分析和连锁不平衡分析结果表明,192份参试夏大豆品系被划分为5个遗传亚群,且每个遗传亚群内存在不同程度的连锁不平衡。主坐标分析结果表明,第一主成分、第二主成分、第三主成分分别解释了总变异的7.69%、6.23%、5.57%。关联分析结果表明,P<0.05的显著水平下,共检测到88个与粒形性状关联的位点,其中有4个与粒形性状关联的位点在2种环境下被同时检测到,分别位于5号、16号、19号染色体上,其中位于19号染色体中的Sat_071位点表型贡献率最高。To guide the parent selection and variety breeding of summer soybean in Huang-Huai-Hai region,the genotyping test of 192 summer soybean lines in Huang-Huai-Hai region was carried out by 135 pairs of SSR markers distributed evenly on 20 chromosomes.The genetic differentiation and genetic diversity of the lines were analyzed,the grain length,grain width and grain length-width ratio of the lines were measured,and the association analysis of grain shape trait loci was carried out.The results showed that 365 alleles were detected by 135 pairs of markers,and an average of 2.7037 alleles were detected by one marker,ranging from one to five.The polymorphic information content was 0-0.6767,with an average of 0.3686.The genetic diversity of 192 soybean lines(percentage of polymorphism=97.78%,number of alleles=2.7037,effective number of alleles=1.9561,Shannon’s information index=0.7090)was rich.According to the region of the tested soybean lines,they were divided into five natural populations.The genetic similarity(GI≥0.9252)among natural populations was higher,and the genetic distance(GD≤0.0778)was smaller,indicating that there were frequent exchanges among varieties and abundant genetic resources in Huang-Huai-Hai region.The results of population structure analysis and linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that 192 summer soybean lines were divided into five genetic subgroups,and there were different degrees of linkage disequilibrium in each genetic subgroup.The results of principal coordinate analysis showed that the first principal component,the second principal component and the third principal component explained 7.69%,6.23%and 5.57%of the total variation,respectively.The results of association analysis showed that 88 loci associated with grain shape traits were detected at the significant level of P<0.05.Four loci associated with grain shape traits were detected in two environments at the same time,which were located on chromosomes 5,16 and 19,respectively.Among them,the Sat_071 locus on chromosome 19 had the

关 键 词：大豆 遗传多样性 粒形 关联位点 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]