刺角瓜嫁接对厚皮甜瓜抗南方根结线虫病及成熟期果实风味、品质的影响  

Effects of grafting with Cucumis metuliferus on resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and fruit flavor and quality at mature stage of muskmelon

作　　者：张浩 宋扬 王建国[3] 黄远[3] 张学军[1,2,4] 马跃 符小发[1,2] 王敏[6] 周勃 梁其干 陈积豪[1,2] 高强 ZHANG Hao;SONG Yang;WANG Jianguo;HUANG Yuan;ZHANG Xuejun;MA Yue;FU Xiaofa;WANG Min;ZHOU Bo;LIANG Qigan;CHEN Jihao;GAO Qiang(Hainan Sanya Crops Breeding Trial Center of Xinjiang Academy Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572000,China;Sanya Mingzhu Melon and Watermelon Variety Demonstration Evaluation and Research Center,Sanya 572000,China;Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;The Research Center of Hami-melon,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Vegetable Research Institute of Hainan Academy Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院海南三亚农作物育种试验中心,海南三亚572000 [2]三亚明珠甜瓜西瓜展示评价研究中心,海南三亚572000 [3]华中农业大学,湖北武汉430070 [4]新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [5]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450000 [6]海南农业科学院蔬菜研究所,海南海口570100

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2024年第5期817-826,共10页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干项目(xjnkq-2019021);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01B59);海南省自然科学基金面上项目(319MS109);海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021005);海南省院士创新平台科研专项资助项目(YSPTZX202141)。

摘　　要：为了明确刺角瓜砧木嫁接对厚皮甜瓜抗南方根结线虫病的效果以及对成熟期果实风味、品质的影响。本研究以厚皮甜瓜黄梦脆为接穗,刺角瓜ZM1、PI1029为砧木,在设施栽培条件下,测定成熟果实的相关品质、芳香物质;以自根甜瓜为对照在盆栽条件下测定根部根结指数。结果表明,两种刺角瓜砧木嫁接甜瓜根部根结指数均低于自根甜瓜,2023年1月1日和2023年1月20日的茎粗高于自根甜瓜;果实维生素C含量、可滴定酸含量均高于自根甜瓜;PI1029为砧木嫁接甜瓜果实单瓜重低于自根甜瓜,而ZM1为砧木嫁接甜瓜果实单瓜重高于自根甜瓜;甜瓜果实中共检出116种芳香物质。两个砧木嫁接甜瓜果实较对照果实芳香物质种类减少;以ZM1为砧木嫁接甜瓜果实酯类、烷类、酸类芳香物质相对含量高于对照果实。由此可见,不同砧木嫁接甜瓜芳香物质成分、含量发生变化,导致共有芳香物质种类、含量的差异以及特有特征成分的存在;以ZM1为砧木嫁接甜瓜的综合性状优于自根甜瓜,ZM1适宜作为黄梦脆的嫁接砧木。The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of rootstock grafting on the resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and fruit flavor and quality at mature stage of muskmelon.In this study,Huangmengcui,a thick-skinned melon,was used as a scion,and Cucumis metuliferus ZM1 and PI1029 were used as rootstocks.Under facility cultivation conditions,the related quality and aromatic substances of mature fruits were determined.Taking self-rooted melon as control,the root-knot index was measured under pot conditions.The results showed that the root-knot index of grafted melon was lower than that of self-rooted melon,and the stem diameter on January 1,2023 and January 20,2023 was higher than that of self-rooted melon.The vitamin C content and titratable acid content of the fruit were higher than those of the self-rooted melon.The single fruit weight of melon grafted with PI1029 as rootstock was lower than that of self-rooted melon,while the single fruit weight of melon grafted with ZM1 as rootstock was higher than that of self-rooted melon.A total of 116 aromatic substances were detected in melon fruits.Compared with the control,the types of aromatic substances in melon fruits grafted with two rootstocks decreased.Compared with the control,the relative contents of esters,alkanes and acids in melon fruit grafted with ZM1 as rootstock were higher.In conclusion,the composition and content of aromatic substances in melons grafted with different rootstocks changed,resulting in differences in the types and contents of common aromatic substances and the existence of unique characteristic components.The comprehensive traits of grafted melons with ZM1 as rootstock were better than those of self-rooted melons,and ZM1 was suitable as a grafting rootstock for Huangmengcui.

关 键 词：刺角瓜 甜瓜 嫁接 南方根结线虫 品质 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]