不同化学药剂对人工湿地基质堵塞的缓解效果与机理  

Effect and mechanism of different chemical agents on substrate clogging mitigation in constructed wetlands

作　　者：周帅峰 刘源[1] 张圣昊 张冰[1] 时文歆 ZHOU Shuai-feng;LIU Yuan;ZHANG Sheng-hao;ZHANG Bing;SHI Wen-xin(Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第7期3707-3718,共12页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52270025)。

摘　　要：以水平潜流人工湿地为研究对象,探究十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、次氯酸钠(NaClO)和过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))对基质堵塞的缓解效果与机理,并分析其工程应用可行性.结果表明,经过3种化学药剂处理后,基质层渗透系数分别提高53.3%、27.5%、210.7%.此外,H_(2)O_(2)对反应器污染物去除效率影响最小,并提高了NH_(4)+-N及TP的去除效果.3种药剂的投加对植物造成轻微伤害,但这种负面影响短期内(14d)可弹性恢复(93.8%、84.4%、84.4%).在微生物群落结构方面,化学药剂处理可以通过抑制生物膜形成细菌(如Pleomorphomonas属和norank_f__norank_o__Saccharimonadales属)的生长来缓解堵塞,并通过改善反应器厌氧环境促进脱氮除磷功能细菌(如反硝化细菌unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae)的生长来恢复反应器性能.结合堵塞缓解效果和工程应用可行性比较认为,3种药剂中H_(2)O_(2)为缓解人工湿地基质堵塞的最佳药剂.In this study,the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland was used as the research object to explore the effect and mechanism of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS),sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))on substrate clogging mitigation,and to analyze its engineering application feasibility.Results showed that the permeability coefficient of the substrate layer increased by 53.3%,27.5%and 210.7%,respectively,after treatment with these three chemical agents.H_(2)O_(2) had the minimal effect on the removal efficiency of pollutants in the reactor and improved the removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus.The addition of the three agents caused slight damage to the plants,but this negative effect could be elastically restored in the short term period(14days)(93.8%,84.4%and 84.4%,respectively).In terms of microbial community structure,chemicals treatment alleviated clogging by inhibiting the growth of biofilm-forming bacteria(such as Pleomorphomonas and norank_f__norank_o__Saccharimonadales),and restored reactor performance by improving the anaerobic environment of the reactors and promoting the growth of nitrogen and phosphorus removal functional bacteria(such as denitrifying bacteria unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae).Combined with the clogging mitigation effect and the feasibility of engineering application,it was considered that H_(2)O_(2) was the best agent to alleviate the substrate clogging of constructed wetlands among the three agents.

关 键 词：水平潜流人工湿地 基质堵塞 植物根系活力 胞外聚合物 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]