铊短期暴露对SBR活性污泥性能的影响  

Effect of short-term exposure to thallium on SBR activated sludge performance

作　　者：赵晓静 罗远玲[2] 吴红辉 丁雨葶 向珂逸 黄骏国 高嘉妮 贾美莹 胡新将 朱健 王平 徐海音 ZHAO Xiao-jing;LUO Yuan-ling;WU Hong-hui;DING Yu-ting;XIANG Ke-yi;HUANG Jun-guo;GAO Jia-ni;JIA Mei-ying;HU Xin-jiang;ZHU Jian;WANG Ping;XU Hai-yin(Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Changsha Vocational and Technical College,Changsha 410018,China;Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,湖南长沙410018 [3]湖南大学,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第7期3780-3785,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52370187);长沙市科技计划资助项目(KQ2107018);湖南省教育厅资助项目(22A0172,22B1084)。

摘　　要：以序批式活性污泥(SBR)工艺为例,从脱氮除磷性能、微生物及酶活性等方面研究了Tl暴露浓度对活性污泥性能的短期扰动及其恢复行为.结果表明:活性污泥的脱氮除磷性能和COD去除均易受Tl的影响.当Tl为500µg/L时,脱氮除磷被抑制,但Tl暴露消除后,性能可恢复.而当Tl为1000µg/L时,尽管除磷效率可恢复至65%,但脱氮过程完全被抑制且不可逆.低浓度Tl提高了COD去除率且高浓度Tl对COD去除的影响是可逆的.此外,200µg/L的Tl提高了微生物活性,但1000µg/L的Tl会导致过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶相对产量分别降低至71.9%和30.8%,极大抑制了微生物活性;比耗氧速率对Tl的存在与消失均很敏感,可作为污水处理厂Tl暴露的指示指标.傅里叶红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱表征结果表明,Tl与游离态胞外聚合物的羟基结合或由Tl^(+)氧化成Tl^(3+),可能是活性污泥降低Tl对其细胞毒性的作用机制.因此Tl短期暴露时,需增强活性污泥的脱氮除磷性能并强化其除Tl能力,以确保污水处理厂稳定运行.本研究揭示了Tl短期暴露对活性污泥系统的潜在影响并提出了应对措施.In this study,using the Sequencing Batch Reactor(SBR)process as an example,the short-term disturbances and recovery behavior of activated sludge performance with respect to Tl exposure concentration were investigated,focusing on nitrogen and phosphorus removal,microbiological and enzyme activity.The results indicated that both nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and COD removal rate of activated sludge were susceptible to the influence of Tl.When Tl was at a concentration of 500µg/L,nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes were inhibited,but upon the elimination of Tl exposure,the performance could recover.However,at a Tl concentration of 1000µg/L,although the phosphorus removal efficiency could be restored to 65%,the nitrogen removal process was completely inhibited and the inhibition of the nitrogen removal process was irreversible.Low concentrations of Tl increased the COD removal rate,and the effect of high concentrations of Tl on the COD removal rate was reversible.Furthermore,a Tl concentration of 200µg/L was found to increase microbial activity,but at 1000µg/L,Tl led to a significant reduction in the relative production of catalase and superoxide dismutase by 71.9%and 30.8%,which greatly inhibited microbial activity.The specific oxygen uptake rate was highly sensitive to the presence and elimination of Tl,making it an indicator for Tl exposure in wastewater treatment plants.Characterization through Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy revealed that Tl bound to hydroxyl groups in extracellular polymeric substances or oxidized from Tl^(+)to Tl^(3+),which might have been the mechanism by which activated sludge mitigated Tl cytotoxicity.Therefore,when exposed to short-term Tl,it was necessary to enhance the nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance of activated sludge and strengthened its ability to remove Tl to ensure the stable operation of wastewater treatment plants.This study revealed the potential impacts of short-term Tl exposure on activated sludge

关 键 词：铊 SBR 脱氮除磷 酶活性 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]