典型引调水受水流域氮时空分布特征及硝酸盐来源解析--以汾河水库上游流域为例  

Characterization of spatial and temporal distribution of nitrogen and source analysis of nitrate in a typical water diversion receiving basin:A case study on upper reaches of Fenhe Reservoir

作　　者：杨晓宇 孙晖 王岩 张峰[1,2] 王朝旭 柴嘉琳[3] 郑佳效 YANG Xiao-yu;SUN Hui;WANG Yan;ZHANG Feng;WANG Chao-xu;CHAI Jia-lin;ZHENG Jia-xiao(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Jinzhong 030600,China;Innovation Center for Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technologies,Taiyuan 030000,China;Jinhuankeyuan Environmental Resources Technology Limited Company,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,山西晋中030600 [2]山西省污水高效治理技术创新中心,山西太原030000 [3]山西晋环科源环境资源科技有限公司,山西太原030000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第7期3823-3831,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：山西省研究生教育创新项目(2023KY256)。

摘　　要：对万家寨引黄水受水区汾河水库上游流域氮时空分布特征进行了考察,识别了其硝酸盐来源,并针对引黄水对本流域的影响进行了分析.结果表明:流域各县四季TN浓度均值为3.67mg/L,TN中NO_(3)--N平均占比>70%;空间上,宁武县TN浓度均值最高,沿程逐渐降低;时间上,秋、冬季TN浓度较高,夏季较低,调水期引黄水所携带的氮是流域内氮的最主要来源.定性分析发现各污染源的混合过程是影响氮迁移的主要因素.经MixSIAR模型定量计算,各类来源对NO_(3)--N的平均贡献率由大到小依次是散排及点源污水(39.3%)>牲畜粪便(18.7%)>化学肥料(18.2%)>土壤有机氮(17.7%)>大气氮沉降(6.1%).引黄水中,秋季散排及点源污水、春季化学肥料的硝酸盐贡献率明显高于本地支流,引黄水对汇入口下游干流断面硝酸盐来源影响较大.This study investigated the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen in the upstream basin of the Fenhe River Reservoir in the receiving area of the Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project.It identified the sources of nitrate and analyzed the impact of Yellow River water diversion on the local basin.Results indicated that the mean concentration of total nitrogen(TN)in each county of the basin was 3.67mg/L throughout the four seasons,with nitrate-nitrogen(NO_(3)--N)accounting for over 70%of TN on average.Spatially,Ningwu County had the highest mean TN concentration,which gradually decreased downstream.Temporally,TN concentrations were higher in autumn and winter and lower in summer,with nitrogen carried by Yellow River water during the diversion period being the primary nitrogen source in the basin.Qualitative analysis revealed that the mixing process of various pollution sources was the main factor affecting nitrogen migration.Quantitative calculations using the MixSIAR model showed that the average contribution rates of various sources to NO_(3)--N were as follows,from highest to lowest:wastewater discharge and point sources(39.3%)>livestock manure(18.7%)>chemical fertilizers(18.2%)>soil organic nitrogen(17.7%)>atmospheric nitrogen deposition(6.1%).In Yellow River water,the contribution rates of wastewater discharge and point sources in autumn and chemical fertilizers in spring to nitrate were significantly higher than those in local tributaries,indicating a greater impact of Yellow River water diversion on the nitrate sources in downstream sections of the main stream.

关 键 词：硝酸盐 汾河水库上游流域 氮氧同位素 引黄水 MixSIAR模型 来源解析 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]