生活垃圾填埋场中微生物汞甲基化的研究进展  

A review of microbial mercury methylation in domestic waste landfills

作　　者：彭绪亚[1] 杨艳[1] 丁立虎 安俞炜 宋立岩[2,3] 李蕾 杨舒[1,4] PENG Xu-ya;YANG Yan;DING Li-hu;AN Yu-wei;SONG Li-yan;LI Lei;YANG Shu(Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;Department of life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [3]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [4]中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学部,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第7期4053-4062,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52000016,51878642)。

摘　　要：垃圾填埋场内甲基汞污染控制是目前环境领域所关注的热点问题.为了跟踪填埋场汞污染及汞甲基化研究的最新动态,本文对现有研究进行梳理.分析了汞及甲基汞在生活垃圾填埋场中的空间分布,对填埋场中的汞进行了物料平衡核算;总结了填埋场微生物汞甲基化的主要微生物种类及机制;同时针对填埋场的生化特性,分析了影响微生物汞甲基化的影响因素;并在此基础上展望了未来填埋场内汞甲基化研究方向,为填埋场汞污染风险管控提供新思路.现有研究集中在填埋场表层圾和渗滤液中总汞和甲基汞的浓度水平表征、分布特征及与环境因子的相关性等,而填埋场中的汞甲基化微生物多样性及其主导的汞甲基化机制鲜有研究,为了实现对填埋场中汞甲基化污染风险的进一步管控,需要从机制研究和工程实践两方面入手,在明晰填埋场中微生物汞甲基化机制的基础上,对其进行防控和抑制.The management of methylmercury pollution within landfill environments is currently a hot topic in the field of environmental science.This manuscript endeavors to assimilate and scrutinize the corpus of extant research pertaining to mercury contamination and its methylation processes within landfill contexts.The spatial disposition of mercury and methylmercury within landfills is analyzed,and material balance calculations are performed for mercury in landfills.Furthermore,this study delineates the principal microbial taxa implicated in landfill mercury methylation and elucidates the underlying mechanisms thereof.Concurrently,an investigation about the factors influencing microbial mercury methylation is conducted,leveraging the unique biochemical properties inherent to landfill ecosystems.Building upon this foundation,future research directions for methylmercury in landfills are outlined,providing new insights for the risk management and control of mercury pollution in landfills.Existing studies have mainly focused on the characterization of total mercury and methylmercury levels in landfill waste and leachate,distribution characteristics,and their correlation with environmental factors.However,there is limited research on the microbial diversity responsible for mercury methylation and its dominant methylation mechanisms in landfills.To further control the risk of methylmercury pollution in landfills,it is necessary to address both mechanistic research and engineering practices.By elucidating the mechanisms of microbial mercury methylation in landfills,preventive and inhibitory measures can be implemented effectively.

关 键 词：填埋场 汞 汞甲基化 hgcAB基因 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]