“予取予求”结构及相关问题讨论  

An Examination of the Syntactic Structure Implied in the Idiom予取予求(Yu Qu Yu Qiu)and of Pertinent Issues

作　　者：李武伟 Li Wuwei

机构地区：[1]成都师范学院文学与新闻学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《阿坝师范学院学报》2024年第2期116-120,共5页Journal of Aba Teachers University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“基于上古出土文献OV语序研究”(22XYY025)。

摘　　要：《左传》是一部富有语言特色的先秦传世典籍。关于《左传·僖公七年》中“予取予求”的理解,学术界有两种不同的看法:一种是“从我取,从我求”,即宾语前置结构;一种是“我取我所需求的”,即主谓结构。通过对“予取予求”所在的语境、“予”在宾语前置结构中的使用、上古汉语中“予”作定语的情况、相类似的“代词+VP+代词+VP”的结构等四个方面的分析后认为:“予取予求”应理解为“从我取,从我求”,即宾语前置结构。对此结构的正确理解,不仅有助于丰富汉语的词汇,还有助于弘扬传承中华优秀传统文化。Zuo Zhuan is a pre-Qin enduring classical work rich in language characteristics.The academia boasts two views concerning the understanding of予取予求(Yu Qu Yu Qiu),an idiom quoted from Zuo Zhuan·Xigong-Qinian.One view is that予取予求means‘take from me,want from me’,assuming a prepositive-object structure.The other view is that予取予求signifies‘I take what I want’,assuming a subject-predicate structure.Examinations hereof have been made into four aspects.First is a probe into the context of予取予求.Second is a probe into the usage of予in a prepositive-object structure.Third is into the cases when予is used as an attributive in old Chinese.Last is into the similar structure of‘pron.+VP+pron.+VP’.Afore-mentioned examinations have shown that the proper understanding of予取予求is‘take from me,want from me’.A correct grasp of this structure serves to enrich Chinese vocabulary,and to have Chinese proud cultural traditions passed down as well.

关 键 词：左传 予取予求 宾语前置 主谓结构 语境 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]