膝关节软骨退变损伤的生物力学研究进展  

Research progress of biomechanics about degeneration and injury of articular cartilage

作　　者：韩金昌[1] 穆世茵 刘爱峰[1] 张晓宇[1] 张超[1] 孟涛[1] 符碧峰 HAN Jinchang;MU Shiyin;LIU Aifeng(Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology,First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 300381,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学第一附属医院/国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心,天津市300381 [2]天津市儿童医院天津大学儿童医院马场院区综合内科

出　　处：《河北医药》2024年第12期1859-1864,共6页Hebei Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81873316);天津中医药大学第一附属医院“拓新工程”基金科研课题(编号:院YB202119)。

摘　　要：膝关节是结构复杂的滑膜关节,软骨覆盖于关节表面,具有缓冲压力及减轻震荡等作用。关节软骨具有多种力学特性,受应力强度、持续时间及频率等因素影响,软骨退变损伤是个复杂的过程,从生物力学角度而言,就是异常应力超出了软骨的适应能力,进而引起软骨成分及微结构等改变。因此,生物力学因素在软骨退变损伤的进程及机制中发挥重要作用,并对软骨修复具有重要意义。综述膝关节软骨力学性能的相关研究文献,阐述软骨的生物力学特性、退变损伤过程以及生物力学因素在软骨退变损伤、修复过程中的作用及机制,为膝关节软骨相关疾病的病程发展、预防及治疗提供理论依据。Articular cartilage,which is located under the surface of complex synovial joints,has the functions of buffering pressure and reducing vibration.Articular cartilage has a variety of mechanical properties,which is a complex process due to the influence of stress intensity,duration and frequency.From a biomechanical viewpoint,abnormal stress leads to changes in the composition and microstructure of cartilage owing to exceeding the adaptability of cartilage.Therefore,biomechanical factors play important roles in the process of the degeneration and injury in cartilage,and with a significance role in cartilage repair.This article reviews the related research literature regarding the mechanical properties of articular cartilage,describes the biomechanical properties of cartilage,the process of degeneration and injury,as well as the mechanism of biomechanical factors in the process,thus providing a theoretical basis for the development of course of disease,prevention and treatment of articular cartilage-related diseases.

关 键 词：关节软骨 退变损伤 软骨修复 生物力学 

分 类 号：R684.76[医药卫生—骨科学]