药疹与人类白细胞抗原基因多态性的相关性  

Correlation between drug rash and human leukocyte antigen gene polymorphisms

作　　者：邱欣[1] 王艳[1] QIU Xin;WANG Yan(Department of Pharmacology,Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang,Shandong Province,Zaozhuang277100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省枣庄市妇幼保健院药学部,山东枣庄277100

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2024年第18期21-24,共4页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨枣庄市妇幼保健院癫痫患儿服用抗癫痫药物后所致皮疹与人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因的相关性,促进临床合理用药。方法选取2019年5月至2023年1月枣庄市妇幼保健院收治的诊断为癫痫并服用芳香族抗癫痫药物的3800例患儿作为研究对象,根据患儿用药12周内是否出现皮肤型药物不良反应,将患儿分为皮疹组(21例)和耐受组(3779例未发生皮肤型药物不良反应的患儿中随机抽取100例)。采用靶向测序技术对患儿HLA基因进行全基因组测序。分析比较皮疹组、耐受组和一般人群间的HLA基因型结果。结果皮疹组和耐受组HLA-A*31∶01和HLA-C*04∶01基因阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(OR=6.75,95%CI=1.47~30.99,P<0.01;OR=5.44,95%CI=5.44~25.52,P<0.05)。结论HLA-A*31∶01和HLA-C*04∶01基因可能是芳香族抗癫痫药物诱发皮疹的风险等位基因。Objective To investigate the correlation between rashes caused by antiepileptic drugs and human leukocyte antigen(HLA)genes in children with epilepsy in Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang,so as to promote clinical rational drug use.Methods A total of 3800 children diagnosed with epilepsy and taking aromatic antiepileptic drugs admitted to Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang from May 2019 to January 2023 were selected as the study objects.According to whether the children had cutaneous adverse drug reactions within 12 weeks of medication,the children were divided into rash group(21 cases)and tolerance group(100 cases were randomly selected out of 3779 cases without dermal adverse drug reactions).The whole genome of HLA genes was sequenced by targeted sequencing technology.HLA genotypes were analyzed and compared among the rash group,the tolerance group and the general population.Results The positive rates of HLA-A*31∶01 and HLA-C*04∶01 genes between the rash group and the tolerance group were statistically significant(OR=6.75,95%CI=1.47-30.99,P<0.01;OR=5.44,95%CI=5.44-25.52,P<0.05).Conclusion HLA-A*31∶01 and HLA-C*04∶01 genes may be risk alleles for rashes induced by aromatic antiepileptic drugs.

关 键 词：抗癫痫药物 药疹 人类白细胞抗原基因 基因多态性 

分 类 号：R758.25[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]