河北孟村方言疑问代词的非疑问用法  

Non⁃Interrogative Use of Interrogative Pronouns in the Mengcun Dialect of Hebei Province

作　　者：董淑慧[1] DONG Shuhui(College of Chinese Language and Culture,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学汉语言文化学院,天津300071

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期70-77,共8页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“近代北方汉语语言接触演变研究”(项目编号:23&ZD315);南开大学文科发展基金项目“完形心理学视域下汉语待嵌格式研究及待嵌格式学习词典(APP)的编纂”(项目编号:ZB21BZ0102)。

摘　　要：与普通话的疑问代词非疑问用法相比,孟村方言的疑问代词非疑问用法有自己的特色。表全指时,孟村方言采用三种方式:直接用疑问代词、疑问代词重叠和加不定性标记“任”。它们与表示无条件意义的连词(称为前项关联词)、副词“都”和“也”(称为后项关联词)共现情况不一样:第一种表达方式能构成A、B、C三种句式,第二、三种方式能构成C、D两种句式。第二、三种方式限于“谁”“哪”“嘛(儿)”三个单音节疑问代词,组合能力受限。表借指时,孟村方言“总=么”出现在列举项之前,总括所有的同类项。表虚指和独用的“总=么着”“总=着”有一些用法是普通话所没有的,“总=么着”表示用于指称当前的某种情状,强调该情状符合自己的预期。The non⁃interrogative use of interrogative pronouns in the Mengcun dialect exhibits unique characteristics compared to their use in Mandarin.In the Mengcun dialect,arbitrary reference is indicated in three ways:through interrogative pronouns,overlapping interrogative pronouns,and the indefinite marker“ren(任).”These forms co⁃occur with unconditional conjunctions(antecedent conjunctions)and adverbs“dou(都)”and“ye(也)”(consequent conjunctions)in distinct patterns.The first method can create A,B,and C sentence structures,while the second and third methods can form C and D sentence structures.The second and third methods are limited to“shui(谁),”“na(哪),”and“ma(r)嘛(儿),”and their combinatory capacity is restricted.In enumeration,“zongme(总么)”appears before listed items to encompass all similar items.Unique to the Mengcun dialect,“zongmezhou(总么着)”or“zongzhou(总着)”is used to indicate virtual reference or stands alone,a usage not found in Mandarin.“zongmezhe(总么着)”refers to a current situation,emphasizing that it meets one’s expectations.

关 键 词：孟村方言 非疑问用法 疑问代词重叠 不定性标记“任” 全指 

分 类 号：H172.1[语言文字—汉语]