光电倍增管计数温漂自适应补偿方法  

Adaptive compensation method for photomultiplier tube counting temperature drift

作　　者：李岗 王耀琦[1] 王小鹏[1] LI Gang;WANG Yaoqi;WANG Xiaopeng(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学电子与信息工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》2024年第2期244-252,共9页测试科学与仪器（英文版）

基　　金：supported by Gansu Province Higher Education Industry Support Plan Project(No.2023CYZC-40);Lanzhou Science and Technology Development Plan Project(No.2023-3-104)。

摘　　要：光电倍增管是微光探测的重要器件,使用光子计数法对光强进行检测可以大幅降低噪声的干扰,但光电倍增管的阴极灵敏度、增益及暗噪声易受环境温度的影响,导致输出脉冲幅值的不稳定,影响系统对微光的检测性能。本文通过使用微控制单元、数字模拟转换器等模块对光电倍增管设计了高压增益补偿和阈值校正系统,通过对不同温度下光电倍增管的阴极饱和电流、灵敏度和暗噪声的综合分析,构建温度与高压补偿增量Vh及阈值补偿增量Vt混合函数模型,使用补偿增量混合模型对光电倍增管计数输出进行自适应温漂补偿。对滨松的端窗型光电倍增管CR135进行实验,证明了此系统在较大温度变化下仍具有良好的输出信噪比,在-20℃时计数率平均提升0.19,即使引入了少量暗噪声,仍大幅提升了探测性能。The photomultiplier tube(PMT)is an important device for micro-light detection,and the detection of light intensity using photon counting method can significantly reduce the interference of noise,but the sensitivity,gain,and dark noise of PMT cathode are easily affected by the ambient temperature,which leads to the instability of the output pulse amplitude and affects the detection performance of the system for micro-light.A high voltage gain compensation and threshold correction system was designed for PMT through microcontroller unit(MCU),digital to analog converter(DAC),and other modules.A hybrid function model of temperature and high voltage compensation increment Vh and threshold compensation increment Vt was constructed by analyzing the cathode saturation current,sensitivity,and dark noise of PMT at different temperatures.And the compensation increment hybrid model was used to compensate the PMT counts output for adaptive temperature drift compensation.Experiments using this method with Hamamatsu’s end-window PMT CR135 demonstrated that this system had a good output signal-to-noise ratio for large temperature variations,with an average count rate improvement of 0.19 at-20℃.Even though a small amount of dark noise was introduced,the detection performance was substantially improved.

关 键 词：光电倍增管 自适应温漂补偿 补偿增量混合模型 阴极灵敏度 

分 类 号：TN152[电子电信—物理电子学]