基于ArcGIS和Fragstats的城市森林景观格局分析——以柳州市莲花山为例  

Analysis on Urban Forest Landscape Patterns Based on ArcGIS and Fragstats——Take Liuzhou Lianhua Mountain as Example

作　　者：李佳 盘延明 陈科东[1] 张承就 黄文镜 Li Jia;Pan Yanming;Chen Kedong;Zhang Chengjiu;Huang Wenjing(Guangxi Eco-engineering Vocational and Technical College,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545004,China;Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China;Liuzhou Lianhua Mountain Protection Center,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西生态工程职业技术学院,广西柳州545004 [2]中央民族大学,北京100081 [3]柳州市莲花山保护中心,广西柳州545001

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2024年第3期369-376,共8页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：2022年度广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2022KY1234);2021年度广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2021KY1224)。

摘　　要：柳州市莲花山为柳州市大型生态功能区,计划将其建成国家级城市型森林公园,需对其景观资源和景观格局特征进行调查和梳理。以莲花山2020年林相矢量图为数据源,采用ArcGIS和Fragstats软件,选取11个景观指数对景观总体特征、景观斑块特征和景观异质性进行分析。结果表明,莲花山森林群落总体稳定性较高,具有良好的生态功能,以马尾松(Pinus massoniana)混交林、天然林(杂灌林)和桉树林为景观基质;混交林和天然林(杂灌林)受人为因素影响较少,松阔混交林景观开发程度较高,水源亟待开发;林相景观斑块数量多,斑块面积小,景观异质性高。建议提高植物群落丰富度;科学合理进行商品林转型;发挥林相景观生态优势,改造城市景观。研究结果可为莲花山景观改造、土地优化利用和生态安全格局构建提供科学依据和理论支撑。Liuzhou Lianhua Mountain serves as large ecological functional area in Liuzhou,which is planed to be developed into national urban forest park,so it is necessary to investigate and organize landscape resources and characteristics of landscape patterns.Taking forest phase vector maps of Lianhua Mountain in 2020 as data source,using ArcGIS and Fragstats softwares,11 landscape indexes were selected to analyze general characteristics,patch characteristics and heterogeneity of landscapes.Results showed that forest communities in Lianhua Mountain were overall stable with good ecological functions,dominated by landscapes of Pinus massoniana mixed forests,natural forests(miscellaneous shrub forests)and eucalypt forests.Mixed and natural forests(miscellaneous shrub forests)were less affected by human activities.Pine and broad-leaved mixed forests were more developed in landscape.Water sources should be developed urgently.Forest landscape had high heterogeneity with more patches and less patch areas.It was recommended to enhance richness of plant communities,arrange transformation of commercial forests scientifically and rationally,leverage ecological advantages of forest landscapes and reform urban landscapes.Results could provide scientific basis and theoretical support for landscape transformation,land use optimization and ecological safety pattern construction in Lianhua Mountain.

关 键 词：城市森林 景观格局 莲花山 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学] P901[天文地球—自然地理学]