长期护理保险对老年家庭财富不平等的影响  

The Impact of Long-Term Care Insurance on Wealth Inequality in Elderly Households

作　　者：何敏 HE Min(School of Finance,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学金融学院,天津300350

出　　处：《经济与管理》2024年第4期84-92,F0003,共10页Economy and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BRK015)。

摘　　要：财富均衡发展是规范财富积累机制、实现共同富裕的重要内容。利用2011—2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,使用双重差分(DID)模型探究了长期护理保险对老年家庭财富不平等的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,在试点3~5年,长期护理保险显著降低了老年家庭财富不平等,其中对失能家庭的影响更大。随着财富不平等分位点的数值增大,长期护理保险对财富不平等的抑制作用降低,这表明长期护理保险可以有效缓解小额照护支出家庭的财富不平等,而对大额支出家庭财富不平等所起到的抑制作用较为有限。进一步机制分析发现,长期护理保险主要通过缩小家庭收入差距和缓解家庭流动性约束来降低财富不平等水平。Wealth-balanced development is a critical component in regulating mechanisms for wealth accumulation and achieving shared prosperity.This study utilizes data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)spanning 2011-2018,employing a Double Differences(DID)model to investigate the impact of long-term care insurance on wealth inequality in elderly households and its underlying mechanisms.The findings reveal that,during the pilot's third to fifth years,long-term care insurance significantly reduces wealth inequality in elderly households,with a more substantial effect on families facing disability-related challenges.As the values of wealth inequality quantiles increase,the inhibitory effect of long-term care insurance on wealth inequality diminishes,indicating its effectiveness in alleviating wealth inequality in households with lower caregiving expenses,while its impact on households with higher expenses is more limited.Further mechanistic analysis uncovers that long-term care insurance primarily operates by narrowing income disparities and alleviating family liquidity constraints to reduce overall wealth inequality.

关 键 词：长期护理保险 财富不平等 收入差距 流动性约束 

分 类 号：F061.4[经济管理—政治经济学] F842.6