长大坡道下货车车轮全磨耗周期制动温度影响研究  

Analysis of influencing factors of braking temperature on wheel of freight wagon in full wear cycle under long ramps

作　　者：张金玉 陶功权[1] 温泽峰[1] ZHANG Jinyu;TAO Gongquan;WEN Zefeng(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2024年第6期2442-2452,共11页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U21A20167)。

摘　　要：为研究货车在长大坡道上踏面制动时,线路坡度、车辆制动时间、轮瓦接触面积、轮瓦接触力等因素对车轮踏面和闸瓦温度的影响问题,以某单一长大下坡道线路作为研究背景,采用ANSYS有限元软件,通过改变车轮直径和闸瓦厚度的方式考虑轮瓦磨耗,建立车轮与闸瓦的全尺寸三维有限元模型。探讨各参数对车轮踏面达到马氏体相变温度的影响,研究整个轮瓦磨耗周期内车轮踏面和闸瓦温度随影响因素的变化规律。研究结果表明:随着车轮直径的降低,车轮踏面和闸瓦的温度均非线性升高;随着闸瓦厚度的均匀降低,车轮踏面的温度先非线性降低,后趋于稳定,闸瓦的温度先非线性降低后升高;车轮直径和闸瓦厚度、车辆制动时间、轮瓦接触面积与温度之间呈非线性关系,坡度、轮瓦接触力与温度之间呈线性相关;考虑马氏体相变温度为700℃,车轮踏面达到马氏体相变温度是轮瓦接触力、轮瓦接触面积、车辆制动时间等影响因素共同作用的结果。研究结果为车轮热损伤分析、长大坡道线路设计以及列车运行方式提供理论参考。This paper aimed to investigate the effects of the line slope,the vehicle braking time,wheel-brake shoe contact area,and wheel-brake shoe contact force on the temperature of the wheel tread and brake shoe when a truck brakes on a long ramp.A single long downhill route was used as the research background in this paper.A full-scale three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel and brake shoe was created using the ANSYS finite element software program.The wear of the wheel and brake shoe was considered by changing the wheel diameter and brake shoe thickness.The effects of the above factors on the wheel tread temperature to achieve the temperature of martensite phase transformation were investigated.The change in the temperature fields of the wheel tread and the brake shoe with the influencing factors during the whole wear cycle of the wheel and the brake shoe was studied.The results show that with the decrease in wheel diameter,the temperature of the wheel tread and brake shoe increases nonlinearly.When the brake shoe thickness decreases uniformly,the temperature of the wheel first decreases nonlinearly and then stabilizes,and the temperature of the brake shoe first decreases nonlinearly and then increases.The relationship between the temperature and the wheel diameter,the brake shoe thickness,the vehicle braking time,and the wheel-brake shoe contact area is nonlinear.There is a linear relationship between the temperature and the slope and the wheel-brake shoe contact force.Assuming that the martensite phase transformation temperature is 700℃,the wheel tread reaches the martensite phase transformation temperature by the combination of wheel-brake shoe contact force,wheel-brake shoe contact area,vehicle braking time and other influencing factors.This study can serve as a theoretical reference for the analysis of wheel thermal damage,the design of railway lines with long ramps and the operation mode of trains.

关 键 词：制动温度 摩擦热 闸瓦 长大坡道 马氏体相变 

分 类 号：U272.6[机械工程—车辆工程] TH117.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]