近代日本帝国主义论的本质与流变——以浮田和民的“伦理帝国主义论”为中心  

The Essence and Evolution of Modern Japanese Imperialism——Focusing on“Ethical Imperialism”of Ukita Kazutami

作　　者：马冰洁 Ma Bingjie(School of History and Culture,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第4期115-125,共11页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“战后日本右翼势力的谱系演进与中日关系研究”(18CSS026)。

摘　　要：浮田和民是近代日本著名的政论家、历史学家,长期担任大日本文明协会编集长及《太阳》杂志主笔,宣传自由主义学说,被视为日本欧美学派的代表人物。在浮田和民的政治思想中,最具代表性和影响力的是他创造的“伦理帝国主义”这一概念。浮田和民“伦理帝国主义”的本质是以社会进化论为依据的扩张主义,其核心是以列国协调为前提的“自然扩张”。然而随着中日关系的变化,浮田和民放弃了“伦理帝国主义论”中文明、和平、协商等所谓符合近代伦理的要素,对日本的武力扩张予以追认,受到中国知识分子的批判。通过分析浮田和民“伦理帝国主义论”的本质与流变可以看出,近代日本的知识分子为帝国主义辩护的理论,虽然运用了立宪主义或自由民主等政治学理念,但其实质始终是社会达尔文主义和殖民主义,既无法阻止日本走向法西斯主义,也无法成为日本战后民主主义真正的源头。Ukita Kazutami is a famous political commentator and historian in modern Japan.He served as the chief editor of the“Dai-Nippon Civilization Association”and the chief writer of the Taiyo magazine for a long time.Ukita Kazutami is also regarded as a representative figure of the European and American school because of his promotion of liberalism.Ukita Kazutami proposed the concept of“ethical imperialism”,which is the most representative and influential aspect of his political thought.The essence of“ethical imperialism”is expansionism based on social evolutionism,and its core is“natural expansion”premised on the coordination with imperial countries.However,with the changes in Sino-Japanese relations,Ukita Kazutami abandoned the elements of civilization,peace,and negotiation in the“ethical imperialism”.He endorsed Japan s military expansion,which was criticized by Chinese intellectuals.By analyzing the essence and evolution of Ukita Kazutami s“ethical imperialism”,this work shows that although modern Japanese intellectuals defended imperialism by using political concepts such as constitutionalism or liberal democracy,the essence of their theories was always social Darwinism and colonialism.Their theories failed to prevent Japan from falling into fascism,and could not be the genuine source of post-war democracy of Japan.

关 键 词：日本 伦理帝国主义 浮田和民 新亚洲主义 

分 类 号：D731.3[政治法律—政治学] B82-05[政治法律—中外政治制度]