现代化中医药专利保护的制度困境与出路--基于对中医药特点与专利保护适应性的反思  

The System Dilemma and Solution of Patent Protection in the Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Reflection on the Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Adaptability of Patent Protection

作　　者：马一德[1] 汪婷 Ma Yide;Wang Ting(Intellectual Property Research Center,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心,武汉430073

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2024年第4期1-10,共10页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新形势下我国参与知识产权全球治理的战略研究”(21&ZD164);中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金研究生科研创新平台项目“中医药产业化中的知识产权制度创新研究”(202311501)。

摘　　要：符合西医药特点的专利保护制度在中医药现代化进程中难以适应。尽管现行专利制度已对涉及中药领域发明专利申请审查的特殊情形作出了具体规定,但在本土语境下据此保护主要根植于我国传统知识领域的中医药发明创造时,中医药的复杂性、整体性、道地性和时节性、差异性等特点仍未得到充分体现,并由此产生中医相关发明创造不具有专利适格性、专利审查缺乏一般性指导规则、申请文件难以通过合规性审查、申请主题的可专利性要求过高、关键性概念缺乏细化指导规则等问题。为此,可从专门审查标准的制定和商业秘密的补充保护两方面出发,寻求前述问题的具体解决方案,以应对中医药专利保护的适应性需求,从而完善中医药知识产权保护体系。The patent protection system that conforms to the characteristics of Western medicine is difficult to adapt to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.Although the current patent system has made specific provisions for special circumstances related to the examination of invention patent applications in the field of traditional Chinese medicine,in the local context,when protecting traditional Chinese medicine inventions and creations mainly rooted in China's traditional knowledge field,the complexity,integrity,authenticity,seasonality,and differences of traditional Chinese medicine have not been fully reflected,resulting in the fact that the related creations of traditional Chinese doctors do not have patent eligibility,the lack of general guidance rules for patent examination,difficulty in passing compliance examination of application documents,high patentability requirements for application topics,and lack of detailed guidance rules for key concepts.To this end,specific solutions to the aforementioned issues can be sought from two aspects:the construction of specialized examination standards and the supplementary protection of trade secrets,in order to meet the adaptive needs of traditional Chinese medicine patent protection and improve the intellectual property protection system of traditional Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：中医药 专利 适应性 专门制度 商业秘密 补充保护 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]