人工智能生成内容:可版权性和版权人问题  

AI Generated Content:Copyrightability and Copyright Owner Issues

作　　者：寿步 Shou Bu(University of Science and Technology of China,Intellectual Property Institute,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学知识产权研究院,合肥230026

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2024年第4期60-72,共13页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

摘　　要：生成式人工智能属于连接主义,具有不可解释性。版权理论中的可版权性和创意/表达两分法本来适用于自然人作者。自然人从创意到表达有可预测性、在创意与表达之间有确定性、从表达到创意有可解释性。人工智能生成内容是应用生成式人工智能技术得到的结果。对于人工智能生成内容,从人类给出创意到生成式人工智能给出表达的过程无法体现创意/表达两分法的可预测性、确定性、可解释性,即创意/表达两分法在人工智能生成内容情况下并不成立。因此,人工智能生成内容并不具有可版权性;人类就不能成为人工智能生成内容的版权人。行为体的概念是人工智能的核心;人工智能旨在构建智能行为体。在人类不能享有人工智能生成内容的版权的情况下,在将可版权性从自然人创作作品拓展到人工智能生成内容情形之后,人工智能行为体在至少具备行为体弱概念的四项特性的条件下就是所生成内容的潜在的版权人。一旦法律主体延伸到人工智能行为体,人工智能行为体就可以确定为人工智能生成内容的版权人。Connectionist AI is non-explainable.Generative AI(GenAI)is connectionist,so GenAI is non-explainable.The copyrightability and idea/expression dichotomy of copyright theory would have applied to natural person authors.Natural human beings have predictability from idea to expression,certainty between idea and expression,and explainability from expression to idea.AI Generated Content(AIGC)is the result obtained by applying GenAI technology.For AIGC,the process from humans giving ideas to GenAI giving expressions cannot reflect the predictability,certainty,and explainability of the idea/expression dichotomy,that is,the idea/expression dichotomy does not hold in the case of AIGC.Therefore,AIGC does not have copyrightability,and human beings cannot be the copyright owners of AIGC.The concept of AGENT is the core of AI,and AI aims to build intelligent AGENT.In cases where humans cannot copyright AIGC,after extending copyrightability from natural human-created works to the AIGC situation,the AI agents are the potential copyright owners of the generated content under the condition of having at least four properties of the weak notion of agent.Once the legal subject extends to the AI agent,the AI agent can be identified as the copyright owner of the AIGC.

关 键 词：人工智能生成内容 生成式人工智能 可版权性 版权人 行为体 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]