集聚优势视角下北京智能网联汽车产业发展路径探析  

Analysis on the Development Path of Beijing's Intelligent Connected Vehicle Industry from the Perspective of Agglomeration of Advantages

作　　者：赵文杰 于永达[1] 王淼 Zhao Wenjie;Yu Yongda;Wang Miao(School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;China National Institute of Standardization,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084 [2]中国标准化研究院,北京100191

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第12期94-103,共10页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“多重异质性下产业转移对碳排放效率的空间影响机制与协同治理研究”(22YJC630018)。

摘　　要：北京智能网联汽车发展已取得显著成效并在国际竞争中占据一定先机,但现有关于北京发展智能网联汽车产业的论述缺乏必要理论支撑,而集聚优势理论具有很好的实践意义。从优势集聚视角来看,现阶段北京在智能网联汽车相关政策制定、产业规划、技术研发、测试与应用等方面取得不错的成效:已建立较为完善的产业配套政策体系,描绘出渐趋明晰的智能网联汽车发展路线,为智能网联汽车研发和应用提供了基本法规保障;通过整合各类资源,如高校、科研机构和企业的力量,形成强大的技术创新和产业发展平台,形成相对完整的技术链,技术研发全国领跑;道路测试和示范应用居于国内国际前列,截至2024年2月底累计开放7个区的自动驾驶测试道路超1160 km。但同时发现,现有战略规划仍然缺少具体指标和阶段性目标,尚未准确锚定创新链产业链中的主要环节以及重点发展的细分领域,并且缺少综合性发展规划和重点发展的细分领域相关规划;基于首都发展定位和多维度要素完善既有政策并出台更多新的配套措施仍需持续探索;在发挥首都特有优势和集聚全球各类优势资源方面仍有较大发展空间;产业的优势集聚平台仍然需要进一步强化。未来,北京需要进一步厘清智能网联汽车产业发展的总体战略方向,从政策创新等途径优化制度体系,以产业链为基础逐步建立优势资源的创新协作平台和产业发展协调机制,进而构筑动态比较优势的良性循环机制;并且,在发展智能网联汽车产业的过程中,要规避比较优势利用不当可能带来的弊端,逐步实现产业高端发展与区域综合发展,打造智能网联汽车产业的场效应并逐步实现对外扩散。The development of intelligent connected vehicles in Beijing has achieved remarkable results and gained a certain advantage in international competition.However,the current discussions on the development of the intelligent connected vehicle industry in Beijing lack necessary theoretical support,while the theory of agglomeration of advantages has significant practical implications.From the perspective of advantage agglomeration,Beijing has achieved good results in policy formulation,industrial planning,technology research and development,testing and application of intelligent connected vehicles at this stage.Beijing has established a relatively comprehensive policy system for industrial support,delineating an increasingly clear development roadmap for intelligent connected vehicles.This provides a fundamental legal guarantee for the research,development,and application of intelligent connected vehicles.By integrating various resources,such as universities,research institutions,and corporate strengths,Beijing has formed a powerful platform for technological innovation and industrial development,creating a relatively complete technology chain and leading the country in technology research and development.Road testing and demonstration applications are at the forefront domestically and internationally,with over 1160 km of autonomous driving test roads opened across 7 districts by the end of February 2024.However,it is also found that Beijing's existing strategic plans for the intelligent connected vehicle industry are still lacking in specific indicators and phased objectives.They have not yet accurately identified the main links in the innovation and industrial chains,as well as the key sub-sectors for focused development,and there is a lack of comprehensive development plans and related plans for priority sub-sectors.Based on the capital's development orientation and the improvement of multi-dimensional factors,it is still necessary to continuously explore the refinement of existing policies and the introduction of

关 键 词：智能网联汽车 集聚优势 产业发展 动态比较优势 资源禀赋 平台效应 

分 类 号：F260[经济管理—国民经济] F49[文化科学] G301