新冠疫情常态化防控期间大学生自我控制及领悟社会支持与心理健康的关系  

Relationship of self-control and perception of social support with mental health status ofuniversity students during the normalization of COVID-19 prevention and control

作　　者：王跃霖 刘毅帆 杨姝怡 王思瑶 杨昭[4] WANG Yuelin;LIU Yifan;YANG Shuyi;WANG Siyao;YANG Zhao(Department of Security,The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061;Infection Control Office,Xi’an Fifth Hospital,Xi’an 710082;Department of Gastroenterology,The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061;Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院保卫部,陕西西安710061 [2]西安市第五医院控制院内感染办公室,陕西西安710082 [3]西安交通大学第一附属医院消化内科,陕西西安710061 [4]西安交通大学第一附属医院妇产科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2024年第4期680-685,共6页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

摘　　要：目的 探索突发新冠疫情背景下,西安高校大学生情绪调节方式与心理健康状况的相关性。方法 基于问卷星平台对西安大学生人群进行抽样调查,采用自我控制量表(SCS)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表精简版(DASS-21)和睡眠状况自评量表(SRSS),记录其人口学特征和本次疫情相关经历,评估不同年龄、性别、学科和生源地大学生的自我控制和社会支持方式差异,计算相关系数,分析其与大学生心理健康状况的相关性。结果 共收集512份有效大学生调查问卷。在突发新冠疫情封控后,在校大学生自我控制和领悟社会支持存在性别和学科差异,即相比于男生,女生更容易获得社会支持(P=0.031)、朋友支持(P=0.008)和其他支持(P=0.029);相比于文科,理工科大学生更容易进行自我控制,尤其是健康习惯(P=0.001)、节制娱乐(P=0.002)和冲动控制(P=0.001)。而学生的年龄和生源地对自我控制和领悟社会支持能力的影响无统计学差异。大学生的年龄与压力程度和睡眠情况相关,自我控制能力以及领悟社会支持能力与疫情封控期间的心理健康状态及睡眠情况也存在相关性。结论 大学生人群在突发疫情封控期间且正常学习生活受到影响的下,自我控制和领悟社会支持能力存在性别和学科差异,且更容易发生负性情绪和睡眠障碍,这些情况多见于高年级、男性和文科学专业。疫情期间积极地自我控制和寻求社会支持能够缓和负性情绪和睡眠障碍。Objective To verify the mental health status and methods to regulate emotion as well as identify the associated factors among Northwest University students during the lockdown period of the COVID-19 outbreak in Xi’an.Methods A questionnaire survey using the random sampling was conducted among the college students in Xi’an,using Self-Control Scale(SCS),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale Lite(DASS-21),and Self-Rating Scale of Sleep(SRSS).Results A total of 512 valid questionnaires for college students were collected.The statistical results showed that during the lockdown period after the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak in Xi’an,there were gender and discipline differences in self-control and understanding of social support among college students.That is,compared with boys,girls were more likely to receive social support(P=0.031),friend support(P=0.008),and other support(P=0.029).Compared to liberal arts majors,college students majoring in science and engineering were more likely to engage in self-control,especially in healthy habits(P=0.001),moderate entertainment(P=0.002),and impulse control(P=0.001).However,there was no significant difference in the influence of students’age or whether they came from rural or urban areas on their self-control and understanding of social support abilities.The statistical results also found that the age of college students was significantly correlated with their level of stress and sleep status.Their self-control ability and ability to comprehend social support also had correlation with their mental health status and sleep status during the lockdown period of the epidemic.Conclusion College students were prone to have negative emotions and sleep disorders during the lockdown period of sudden epidemic,which were more common in senior grades,male college students,and liberal arts majors.Active self-control and seeking social support can effectively moderate negative emotions and sleep disturbances.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 封控 心理健康 社会支持 自我控制 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]