梨黑孢链格孢GD-011菌株除草机制的初步研究  

Preliminary study on weeding mechanism of Alternaria gaisen GD-011 strain

作　　者：贺宇杉 朱海霞[1,2,3] HE Yushan;ZHU Haixia(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Xining Crop Pest Scientific Observation and Experiment Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Management of Agricultural Pests of Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海西宁810016 [3]青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第5期1094-1101,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：青海省科技厅国际合作专项(2023-HZ-808)。

摘　　要：近年来,微生物除草剂因具有安全、环保等优势而成为研究热点。为探究生防菌——梨黑孢链格孢Alternaria gaisen GD-011菌株对杂草的除草机理,特开展实验观察菌株GD-011侵染后密花香薷(Elsholtzia densa Benth)叶片超微结构和生理生化指标的变化,以明确其作用方式及途径。结果表明:菌株GD-011的菌丝通过气孔侵入密花香薷的叶片组织,并在组织中寄生繁殖产孢,逐渐破坏组织。菌株GD-011接种于密花香薷植株后,密花香薷体内的丙二醛(MDA)含量逐渐升高,过氧化保护酶系——超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性总体呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,接种后2~7 d密花香薷叶片的可溶性蛋白质含量显著(P<0.05)高于对照。综上推测,GD-011菌株通过菌丝穿过气孔及组织间隙的侵染方式破坏密花香薷的叶片组织结构,同时通过破坏细胞膜、抑制自我修复等方式达到防除杂草的目的。Recently,microbial herbicides have become a research hotspot due to their advantages in safety and environment protection.In order to explore the weeding mechanism of Alternaria gaisen GD-011 strain,experiments were carried out on Elsholtzia densa Benth by observing the ultrastructure changes of E.densa leaves after inoculation of GD-011 strain,as well as determining the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes of leaves.The results showed that the mycelia of strain GD-011 invaded E.densa through stomata to leaf tissue,parasitically reproduced in the tissue,produced spores,and gradually destroyed the tissue.After inoculation of strain GD-011,the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the leaves of E.densa gradually increased.Meanwhile,the activities of antioxidant enzyme systems,such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD),increased first and then decreased.The soluble protein content in the leaves of E.densa after inoculation for 2-7 d was significantly(P<0.05)higher than that in the control.In general,it was inferred that the GD-011 strain achieved weeding effect by infecting through stomata,destroying the cell membrane and tissue structure and inhibiting self-repair,etc.

关 键 词：微生物除草剂 生理生化 超微结构 除草机制 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]