草鱼肠道微生物谱及其发育性变化  

Gut microbial profiles and its developmental changes of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

作　　者：张红芳 钱涛 金婷 谢小玲 吴酬飞[1] 肖英平[2] 马灵燕 ZHANG Hongfang;QIAN Tao;JIN Ting;XIE Xiaoling;WU Choufei;XIAO Yingping;MA Lingyan(College of Life Sciences,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China;State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products,Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Kaihua County,Kaihua 324300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,浙江湖州313000 [2]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310021 [3]开化县农业农村局,浙江开化324300

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第4期780-789,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：农产品标准化生产示范县建设(“一县一品一策”)重大专项(ZJNY2022001-007)。

摘　　要：为了研究草鱼不同肠段微生物结构以及草鱼不同发育阶段肠道菌群的分布和变化。试验分2个部分进行,第一部分:试验选取24月龄生理状况良好的草鱼8尾,用MS-222对其深度麻醉,收集草鱼前肠、中肠、后肠段内容物进行DNA提取和16S rRNA基因测序;第二部分:从浙江省衢州市开化县一典型的开化清水鱼养殖基地购买不同月龄(1、7、15、24月龄)的健康草鱼各25尾,为了保证足够的样本量和最大限度降低个体差异,每5尾鱼的后肠段内容物混合为一个样本。用16S rRNA基因高通量测序方法,分析不同月龄草鱼肠道菌群的分布和变化。结果显示:(1)Alpha多样性表明,草鱼的后肠段微生物群落多样性和丰富度显著高于前肠和中肠段(P<0.05);Beta多样性表明,后肠段的微生物群落与前肠段和中肠段存在显著差异(P<0.05)。(2)热图(Heatmap)显示,罗斯氏菌属(Ralstonia)是前肠段的主要优势菌属;砷氧化菌(Aliihoeflea)是中肠段的主要优势菌属;纤发鞘丝蓝细菌属(Leptolyngbya)和鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)是后肠段的主要优势菌属。(3)从1到24月龄,草鱼后肠段微生物群落多样性和丰富度显著降低(P<0.05);Beta多样性表明,不同月龄的草鱼后肠段微生物结构存在显著差异(P<0.05)。(4)热图(Heatmap)显示,Rubellimicrobium和Synechococcus是1月龄后肠段的主要优势菌属;Aestuariimicrobium和Streptomyces是7月龄后肠段的主要优势菌属;Kineosporia和Prevotella是15月龄后肠段的主要优势菌属;Mesonia是24月龄后肠段的主要优势菌属。这表明不同肠段的草鱼微生物组成和结构存在差异,以及草鱼肠道微生物结构在生长的不同阶段呈发育性变化。The study was aim to expolar the diversity of the microbial structure in different intestinal segments during the growth and development processes of grass carp.The experiment was conducted in two parts,Part I:Eight grass carp at 24 months were anesthetized with MS-222 for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis;PartⅡ:25 grass carp with different ages,including 1 month,7 months,15 months and 24 months,were purchased from a typical Kaihua clear water fish breeding base in Kaihua County,Quzhou City,Zhejiang Province.To ensure sufficient sample size and minimize individual differences,the contents of the hindgut segments of each five fish were mixed into a single sample.The contents of grass carp at different months were extracted for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.The results indicated that:(1)Alpha diversity analysis showed that the diversity and richness of microbial community in hindgut were significantly higher than those in foregut and midgut(P<0.05);Beta diversity analysis showed that the microbial communities in foregut and midgut were similar,but significantly different from those in hindgut(P<0.05).(2)LEfSE analysis showed that Streptococcus and Ralstonia were dominant bacteria in the foregut.Escherichia-Shigella and Aliihoeflea were dominant bacteria in the midgut segment.Leptolyngbya and Cetobacterium are the main dominant genera in the hindgut.(3)The diversity and richness of microbial community in the hindgut of grass carp significantly decreased from 1 month to 24 months of age(P<0.05);Beta diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in the microbial structure of the hindgut of spring water grass carp at different months(P<0.05).(4)Heatmap shows that Rubellimicrobium and Synechococcus are the main dominant bacteria in the hindgut at the age of 1 month.Aestuariimicrobium and Streptomyces were the dominant genera in the hindgut intestine of the 7-month-old.Kineosporia and Prevotella were dominant genera in the 15-month-old hindgut,while Vibrio and Mesonia

关 键 词：草鱼 肠道菌群 发育性变化 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]