黄埔元老郑洞国——纪念黄埔军校建校100周年  

Zheng Dongguo,a Senior Member of Whampoa Military Academy:Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of Whampoa Military Academy

作　　者：邵雍[1] SHAO Yong(School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《上海市社会主义学院学报》2024年第4期136-150,共15页Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism

摘　　要：郑洞国的军旅生涯是从国共合作的黄埔军校开始的。北伐期间他深切感受到共产党领导的民众运动的强大力量,但他一直把校长蒋介石作为革命领导者来拥戴,在国民党右派发动“清共”后继续留在国民党军队里。随着日本加紧侵华、民族矛盾上升,有着爱国情怀的郑洞国率部奋起抗日,在长城古北口、台儿庄、昆仑关等地不断抗击日军。后指挥中国驻印军反攻日军,为收复缅北及支援整个缅甸战场作出了贡献。1948年春,郑洞国受命困守长春对抗解放军,10月18日,在长春西城率部4.7万人投诚。之后在共产党的帮助下逐渐转向人民立场。中华人民共和国成立后,历任国防委员会委员,全国政协委员、常委,国民党革命委员会副主席,黄埔军校同学会副会长,为祖国统一民族振兴做了许多有益的工作。老一辈无产阶级革命家毛泽东、周恩来、徐向前、聂荣臻等人都做过郑洞国的工作,从郑洞国身上,可以看到党的统战政策的巨大感召力和影响力。Zheng Dongguo began his military career at Whampoa Military Academy,where the first cooperation between the Chinese Kuomintang(KMT)and the Communist Party of China(CPC)was established.During the Northern Expedition to defeat the northern warlords,he deeply felt the power of the CPC-led mass movement,but he always supported Chiang Kaishek as the leader of the revolution,and still stayed in the Nationalist army after the right-wing KMT began to purge CPC members.As Japan intensified its invasion of China and national contradictions escalated,Zheng Dongguo,with his patriotic sentiments,led his troops to rise up against the Japanese military invasion.They continuously fought against the Japanese forces at locations such as Gubeikou of the Great Wall,Taierzhuang,and Kunlun Pass.He later commanded the Chinese forces in India to counter-attack the Japanese army,contributing to the recovery of northern Myanmar and supporting the entire Burmese battlefield.In the spring of 1948,Zheng Dongguo was ordered to defend Changchun and resist the People’s Liberation Army(PLA).On October 18th,he led his troops,numbering 47,000 to surrender to the PLA in the western part of Changchun.Subsequently,with the assistance of the CPC,he gradually shifted towards the people’s standpoint.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,he served as a member of the National Defense Commission,a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),a member of the Standing Committee of CPPCC,a vice-chairman of the Revolutionary Committee of KMT,and a vice-chairman of the alumni association of Whampoa Military Academy,and he has done a lot of beneficial work for the reunification of the motherland and the rejuvenation of the nation.Mao Zedong,Zhou Enlai,Xu Xiangqian,Nie Rongzhen and other old proletarian revolutionaries had done ideological work with Zheng Dongguo.From Zheng Dongguo,the tremendous appeal and influence of the Party’s united front policy can be apparently observed.

关 键 词：黄埔军校 黄埔精神 郑洞国 抗日 祖国统一 

分 类 号：K82[历史地理—历史学]