耳膜激振式压电作动器的设计与测试  

Design and test of piezoelectric actuator for eardrum excitation

作　　者：寇寅欣 贺志恒 韩浩强 刘稳 刘后广[1] 杨善国[1] KOU Yinxin;HE Zhiheng;HAN Haoqiang;LIU Wen;LIU Houguang;YANG Shanguo(School of Mechatronic Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116;Department of Otolaryngology,Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221000;Artificial Auditory Laboratory of Jiangsu Province,Xuzhou 221000)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]徐州医科大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,江苏徐州221000 [3]江苏省人工听觉实验室,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第5期34-41,共8页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52275296);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划资助(KYCX23_2675);中国矿业大学研究生创新计划项目资助(2023WLKXJ090)。

摘　　要：为解决传统助听器高频增益受限及中耳植入物需侵入性手术的问题,文中设计、制作和测试了一种直接驱动耳膜的压电作动器。该作动器是一种新型的听觉假肢,融合了完全耳道式助听器的放置方式与中耳植入物的音质。作动器的前端直接激励耳膜,补偿患者的听力损失。针对压电叠堆存在输出位移不足的问题,引入了复合二级位移放大器,并采用多目标遗传算法对其位移放大比进行了优化。为优化作动器的频率特性,建立了作动器-人耳耦合力学模型,通过有限元分析确定了作动器的最佳结构参数。制作出作动器样机,并进行了测试试验,评估其听力补偿性能。结果表明:该作动器具有工作频带宽(0.1~10 kHz)、谐波失真度小(THD≤0.12%)、无需侵入性手术及高频性能优异的优点。因此,该作动器适用于耳膜激振的听损补偿,为感音神经性听力损伤的临床治疗提供一种新的方案。In this article,in order to address the limited high⁃frequency gain of traditional hearing aids and the invasive surgery required for middle ear implants,efforts are made to design,manufacture and test a piezoelectric actuator that directly drives the ear⁃drum.This actuator serves as an innovative auditory prosthesis,combining the placement of a completely⁃in⁃the⁃ear hearing aid with the acoustic quality of middle ear implants.The actuator’s front end directly stimulates the eardrum to compensate for the patient’s hearing loss.Firstly,to address the insufficient output displacement in the piezoelectric stack,efforts are made to introduce a compound two⁃stage displacement amplifier and optimize its displacement amplification,with the help of the multi⁃objective genetic algorithm.Subse⁃quently,in order to enhance the actuator’s frequency characteristics,efforts are made to set up a mechanical model of actuator⁃human ear coupling.Besides,optimal structural parameters for the actuator are determined through the finite⁃element analysis.Finally,the ac⁃tuator prototype is manufactured and tested,so as to evaluate its hearing compensation performance.The results indicate that this actua⁃tor boasts a wide operating frequency range(0.1~10 kHz),low harmonic distortion(THD≤0.12%),non⁃invasive surgical require⁃ments,and superior high⁃frequency performance.Therefore,this actuator is suitable to compensate hearing loss caused by eardrum ex⁃citation,providing a new solution for clinical treatment of sensorineural hearing impairment.

关 键 词：助听器 耳膜激振 压电作动器 有限元分析 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH789[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]