劳动空间视角下的县域经济转型——以东北N县的个体经济发展为例  

County Economic Transition from the Perspective of Working Space——Taking Individual Economic Development in X County of Northeast China as an Example

作　　者：宁静 赵炜 NING Jing;ZHAO Wei

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学社会学院

出　　处：《社会治理》2024年第3期39-50,共12页Social Governance Review

摘　　要：案例调查显示,东北县域国企下岗工人目前很大一部分比例人员在从事个体店铺经营,反映了当地劳动空间的再造,同时也成为县域经济转型的一种模式。计划经济时期的工厂劳动空间主要是由国家力量推动以国资为主建成的。在市场化进程中国家力量逐渐退出,东北县域地区难以吸引到充分的外来资本,工厂改制和破产导致大批工人下岗失业,原有劳动空间消失。一些下岗工人不再被动等待而主动谋求生路,运用家庭小资本经营店铺,将生活空间重新改造为劳动空间,家庭和社会关系进而演变为一定意义上的市场关系,创造出了新的劳动空间。他们生活在“店家一体”的劳动与生活高度融合的空间中,并通过代际传承再生产为相对稳定的结构。然而,这种自发的、缺乏竞争力、以基础消费为主的传统经营方式,难以实现高质量县域发展,需要加大扶持力度,继续发掘内生动力和统筹发展。In the counties of Northeast China,many workers laid off from state-owned factories have employed themselves in self-owned businesses.This clearly reflects the process of reconstruction of the working space and has also become a model of county economic transition.In the planned economy period,factory working spaces were constructed by the national force and national capital.Impelled by marketization,national capital was gradually removed.It is difficult for counties in Northeast China to attract sufficient capital from other places.State-owned factories reformed and went bust,and many workers lost their jobs.With the disappearance of the original working space,some laid-off workers no longer passively waited for arrangements;they started to play an active role in finding a way of living.They created a new working space by using small family capital to manage stores,integrate labor spaces into living spaces,and develop family and social relationships into market relationships.Workers’living spaces are an integration of“store and family,”with their working and living spaces being highly embedded in each other.Furthermore,they reproduced a stable structure of working and living spaces through intergenerational succession.The small-capital individual economy in the counties is a factor worthy of attention in the process of revitalizing Northeast China.However,such small self-owned businesses normally lack competitiveness,so achieving high-quality development is difficult.Increasing policy support and continuing to explore the internal driving forces and overall development are necessary.

关 键 词：劳动空间 县域治理 资本 个体经济 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济] F249.27