认同、同化、排异——《反美阴谋》中的美国梦文化记忆与国民身份形塑  

Identity,Assimilation,Exclusion-Cultural Memory of the American Dream and Shaping of National Identity in The Plot Against America

作　　者：刘卓[1] 范依烨 孙郑一夫 Liu Zhuo;Fan Yiye;Sun Zhengyifu

机构地区：[1]东北大学外国语学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《外语教育研究》2024年第2期58-64,共7页Foreign Language Education & Research

基　　金：东北大学研究生教育质量保障工程项目“对标一流学科建设,提升课程质量和学生研究能力”。

摘　　要：菲利普·罗斯在《反美阴谋》中以儿童菲利普的视角追忆了一段纳粹美国的虚构历史,揭示了美国梦作为盎格鲁-撒克逊中心主义的文化记忆对国民身份的多重形塑作用。美国梦不仅是美国犹太人建立美利坚民族身份认同的记忆支点,而且是反犹政府推行强制同化的手段。在WASP主流文化的倾轧之下,美国犹太人在美国性与犹太性之间痛苦挣扎,其中拒绝美国化的犹太人成为美国官方和犹太族群离弃的“残体”。通过揭露美国梦文化记忆的霸权本质,罗斯暗示了同化政策与德国纳粹的暧昧同谋,批判了等级森严的群体国民身份机制给犹太人造成的无法磨灭的创伤。In The Plot Against America,Philip Roth traces a fictional history of Nazi America from the perspective of young Philip, revealing the multiple shaping effects on national identity of the American Dream which is the Anglo-Saxon centered cultural memory. The American Dream is not only the memory pivot on which Jews build their American identity, but also the means by which the anti-Semitic government enforces assimilation. Under the encroachment of the WASP mainstream culture, Jews struggled painfully between Americanness and Jewishness, and those who refuse to be Americanized become the “stump” abandoned by both the authority and the Jewish community. By exposing the hegemonic nature of the cultural memory of the American Dream, Roth suggests the ambiguous complicity of assimilation policy with the Nazi, and criticizes the hierarchical mechanism of group national identity which inflicts on Jews the indelible trauma.

关 键 词：《反美阴谋》 美国梦文化记忆 国民身份 WASP 残体 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]