中国近代史书编纂的转型与民族风格的形成  

The Transformation of Modern Chinese History Records Compilation and the Formation of National Style

作　　者：舒习龙 SHU Xi-long(School of History and Culture,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou,Guangdong 521041)

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院历史文化学院,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期375-384,431,共11页Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2018年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“史学学人日记视域下近代史学转型与表征研究”(18BZS012);2020年度广东省教学改革项目“韩师历史文化类通识课程教学改革研究”(粤教高函〔2020〕20)。

摘　　要：20世纪上半叶,随着欧美、日本输入的新式史书体裁、编纂理念与方法的刺激,经过中国史家的创造性变革,中国近代历史编纂学的特点表现在对章节体历史教科书的追求、专门史编纂的勃兴、历史编纂民族化风格逐步形成等三个方面。梁启超、夏曾佑、汪荣宝、孟森等人在章节体教科书编纂上用力甚勤,取得了重要成就。中国历史编纂学的近代化,体现在传统史学以叙事为中心的历史编纂变成近代以问题为导向、以分科为特征的历史编纂上,近代史学精细化和专门化的特点赋予中国近代历史编纂鲜明的时代特征,中国近代学科意义的专门史初步建构,成为符合中国历史需要的新书写方式。章节体尽管具有鲜明的特点和优势,但也存在一些突出的问题,如分期叙述破坏了历史的完整性和内在联系。所以,中国近代史家在运用章节体叙述中国历史的时候,还需要广泛借鉴中国传统优秀史体的编纂经验,弥补单一史体编纂的缺陷,更好地建构富有民族特色的历史编纂新范式。In the first half of the 20th century,under the influence of new genres,editing concepts,and methods from Europe,America,and Japan,as well as a period of creative transformation undergone by Chinese historians,modern Chinese history becomes characterized by three aspects:the pursuit of chaptered historical textbooks,the rise of specialized history compilation,and the gradual emergence of a national style in history compilation.Figures such as Liang Qichao,Xia Zengyou,Wang Rongbao,and Meng Sen made strenuous efforts and achieved significant achievements in the compilation of segmented historical textbooks.The modernization of Chinese historiography is reflected in the shift from a traditional narrative-centered historical compilation to a problem-oriented and specialized one.The refinement and specialization of modern historiography endowed modern Chinese historical compilation with distinctive characteristics of the times and laid the foundation for specialized histories that met the specific needs of Chinese history.While segmented history exhibits clear advantages,it also poses challenges,such as disruption to the integrity and internal coherence of historical narratives through segmented periods.Therefore,in segmented narratives of Chinese history,modern Chinese historians should draw extensively on the compilation of traditional Chinese historiography to address the limitations of single compilation styles and realize the effective construction of a new paradigm of historical compilation with rich national characteristics.

关 键 词：近代史书 编纂 章节体教科书 专门史编纂 民族风格 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]