时频短时集中变换方法在变工况轴承脊线提取中的应用  

Application of time-frequency short-term concentrated transform method in bearing ridge line extraction under variable operating conditions

作　　者：蒋逸心 周俊[1,2] 伍星 刘韬[1,2] 刘畅 JIANG Yixin;ZHOU Jun;WU Xing;LIU Tao;LIU Chang(College of Electro-mechanical Engineering,Kunming University of Science&Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Equipment Intelligent Manufacturing Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省先进装备智能制造技术重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第13期106-114,133,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52065030);云南省科技厅重大专项课题资助项目(202202AC080003-3);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目资助(2023J0138)。

摘　　要：时变转速工况下的轴承故障诊断分析方法大多是基于主轴转速的阶次跟踪方法,但由于设计、成本等原因,转速计广泛应用受限。而基于时频脊线提取的阶次分析不依赖转速计可直接进行分析,但目前脊线提取存在提取精度较差以及提取流程效率较低等问题。据此,提出一种应用于脊线提取的短时集中变换(short-term concentrated transform, STCT)方法,首先通过一个遍历时频矩阵的向量处理时频矩阵内的数据以提高时频分辨率;其次使用新的脊线提取流程,在几乎不增加计算成本的前提下更高效、准确地完成时频脊线提取;最后通过仿真和实测信号验证该方法及流程的准确性,通过与其他时频方法的比较进一步说明所提方法的优越性,最终实现轴承时变转速工况下的故障诊断。Bearing fault diagnosis analysis methods under time-varying rotating speed conditions are mostly based on the order tracking method of spindle rotating speed,but due to design,cost and other reasons,widespread application of tachometers is limited.The order analysis based on time-frequency ridge line extraction can directly perform analysis not relying on tachometers,but ridge line extraction suffers from problems of poorer extraction accuracy and lower extraction process efficiency.Here,a short-term concentrated transform(STCT)method for ridge line extraction was proposed.Firstly,data within time-frequency matrix was processed with a vector traversing time-frequency matrix to improve time-frequency resolution.Secondly,a new ridge line extraction process was used to more efficiently and accurately extract time-frequency ridge lines without increasing computational costs.Finally,the correctness of this method and process was verified with simulation and measured signals.The superiority of the proposed method was further demonstrated comparing with other time-frequency methods to ultimately realize bearing fault diagnosis under time-varying rotating speed conditions.

关 键 词：故障诊断 时变转速工况 时频分析 脊线提取 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3