成本加成、产品边际价格与资源配置——基于中国微观企业数据库的考察  

Mark-up,Product Marginal Price,and Resource Allocation——Based on the Investigation of China's Micro-enterprise Database

作　　者：匡浩宇 汪冲[1] Haoyu Kuang;Chong Wang(School of Public Economics and Management,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院

出　　处：《经济学报》2024年第1期272-294,共23页China Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“中央管控地方建设用地的全要素生产率影响、机制与优化路径”(71973090);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“用地管控、财政收益与土地出让”(2017110136)的资助。

摘　　要：本文构建了公共部门生产企业进入市场的一般均衡模型,利用2000—2006年度中国工业企业数据库和海关数据库合并数据,通过ACF修正后得到无偏一致的成本加成,随后验证了De Loecker et al.(2016)提出的“成本—价格传递”理论。研究发现在样本期间内,控制了不随时间变动的企业—产品层面的成本加成率后,边际成本的变化能够在90%的程度上解释价格的变化。最后,本文分析了企业进出口行为下成本加成与资源配置效应,发现企业从单纯国内销售转向出口兼具内销,能够降低企业内部资源错配,提高资源配置效率。本文的研究拓展了以往成本加成理论,将成本加成纳入“国际+国内”双维度背景下考察,给目前我国“双循环”发展提供了政策启示。This paper constructs a general equilibrium model for public sector producers to enter the market.Using the merger of Chinese industrial enterprises and customs databases from 2000 to 2006,the unbiased and consistent cost markup is obtained after correction by ACF;then it is verified by De Leocker et al..(2016)proposed the Pass-Through theory,and the study found that during the sample period,after controlling for the time-invariant firm-product level cost markup rate,the change in marginal cost can explain the change in price to a 90%degree.Finally,this paper analyzes the effect of cost plus and resource allocation under the import and export behavior of enterprises,and finds that the transition of enterprises from pure domestic sales to both export and domestic sales can reduce the mismatch of internal resources and improve the efficiency of resource allocation.The research of this paper expands the previous cost-plus theory,and incorporates the cost-plus into the“international+domestic”two-dimensional background,which provides policy inspiration for the current development of my country's“dual circulation”.

关 键 词：成本加成 边际价格 “成本—价格传递”理论 资源配置 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济] F406.72