动物体细胞核移植胚胎重编程的表观遗传学机理  

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Reprogramming of Animal Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos

作　　者：纪雨晨 李怡涵 王美娟 郑睿智 余彤 苏建民[1] JI Yu-Chen;LI Yi-Han;WANG Mei-Juan;ZHENG Rui-Zhi;YU Tong;SU Jian-Min(Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology,College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院家畜生物学重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院家畜生物学重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第7期1669-1680,共12页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32172812);青海省重点研发与转化项目(2023-NK-131)。

摘　　要：体细胞核移植(somatic cell nuclear transfer,SCNT)技术可用于扩繁顶级家畜、基因编辑动物生产等方面。到目前为止,人类已经成功克隆了20多种动物,但通过体细胞核移植技术获得克隆动物的效率较低,大部分体细胞核移植胚胎在附植前死亡。在核移植后,供体细胞核将发生一系列的重编程事件以获得胚胎发育的全能性,体细胞核移植胚胎的异常重编程是导致体细胞核移植效率低的主要原因。本文从染色质重塑、DNA甲基化、组蛋白的变体与修饰、精子小RNA等方面分析体细胞核移植胚胎的异常重编程机理,以期为体细胞核移植胚胎的重编程研究提供参考。Somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT)technology can be used to expand the production of top livestock and gene editing animals.So far,humans have successfully cloned more than 20 kinds of animals,but the efficiency of cloned animals obtained through somatic cell nuclear transfer technology is relatively low.Most somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos die before implantation.After nuclear transfer,the donor nucleus will undergo a series of reprogramming events to obtain the totipotency of embryonic development.The abnormal reprogramming of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos is the main reason leading to the low efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer.In this paper,the abnormal reprogramming mechanisms of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos were analyzed,such as chromatin remodeling,DNA methylation,variations and modifications of histones,sperm small RNA,etc.,so as to provide reference for further research on the reprogramming of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos.

关 键 词：体细胞核移植(SCNT) 胚胎发育表观遗传 染色质重塑 组蛋白变体 DNA甲基化 组蛋白修饰 精子携带小RNA缺失 重编程效率 

分 类 号：S814[农业科学—畜牧学]