日本记纪黄泉国神话中的中国元素  

The Chinese Elements in the Japanese Myth of Yomi-no-kuni

作　　者：占才成[1] Zhan Caicheng(School of Foreign Languages,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2024年第3期76-88,共13页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“日本神话与中国古代文学关系研究”(17CWW004);天津市社会科学重大项目“中国文化视域下的东亚文学研究”(2022JWZD52)。

摘　　要：日本记纪黄泉国神话多被认为与希腊俄耳甫斯的冥界寻妻神话有关。然而,分析黄泉国神话的文学形象、情节结构可以发现,日本记纪黄泉国神话与希腊俄耳甫斯冥界寻妻神话不仅存在情节结构上的不同,也存在冥界空间构造及思维认知的不同。进一步比较分析可知:日本记纪黄泉国神话的情节结构受《搜神记》“汉谈生”故事的影响;黄泉国神话中的“桃辟鬼邪”思想源于中国;“黄泉”一词来自中国古代典籍文献;黄泉国神话的空间构造与中国古代横穴式墓葬结构有关。日本记纪黄泉国神话的溯源研究不应一味地将视角投向印欧神话,更应聚焦东亚文化圈的中心——中国。The Japanese myth of Yomi-no-kuni is generally believed to have a relation to the Greek myth of Orpheus. However, by analyzing the literary image and plot structure of the Japanese myth, we find that there are differences not only in plot, but also in the spatial structure and cognitive thinking of the underworld between the Japanese myth of Yomi-no-kuni and the Greek myth of Orpheus. A further comparative analysis can deliver several revelations: the mythological structure of the Japanese myth of Yomi-no-kuni is deeply influenced by the “Han Tan Sheng” story in Sou Shen Ji;the thought of “peach to ward off ghosts and evil” in the myth of Yomi-no-kuni originates from ancient China;the word “Yomi” comes from ancient Chinese classics;the spatial structure of the myth of Yomi-no-kuni is related to the structure of ancient Chinese tombs. To trace the origin of the Japanese myth of Yomi-nokuni, we should not simply dwell on the Indo-European myth;instead, we should attach more attention to the center of East Asian culture – China.

关 键 词：记纪文学 黄泉国神话 中国文化 《搜神记》 希腊神话 

分 类 号：I313.077[文学—其他各国文学] I207.41