由清华简《五纪》再探蚩尤身份——兼论上古亲属称谓制度泛化在政治领域中的体现  

Re-examining the Identity of Chiyou Through the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips‘Wu Ji’

作　　者：武思梦 WU Simeng

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学,广东广州510631

出　　处：《中原文物》2024年第3期94-101,共8页Cultural Relics of Central China

基　　金：郑州中华之源与嵩山文明研究会第七批研究课题《五帝文化研究》(郑嵩研会Y2020-4)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：上古社会是族邦社会,不同政治军事集团或大小族群间的上下关系即族群统属关系,那些分离出来或统辖于下的次级族群组织常以“子”族为称。新出清华简《五纪》成文时代与《左传》《国语》等相近,简文“黄帝有子曰蚩尤”之“子”也是指“族”,是说在以黄帝为首的族邦联盟中有一个蚩尤族。蚩尤是南方苗族北上之氏族首领名与族名的合一,被黄帝族征服并成为其治下的一部分,有些文献谓之黄帝诸侯或黄帝臣,表述虽异而实指归一。“子”字衍生出“族”涵义是上古时期亲属称谓制度泛化至政治领域的结果。The ancient society was a clan society,different political and military groups or the relationship between the size of the community that was,the relationship of community affiliation,those separated or under the jurisdiction of the sub-community organizations were often called zi clan.The new Tsinghua Bamboo Slips"Wuji"were writen in a similar era to the"Zuo Zhuan","Guo Yu"and so on,the text"Huang Di has a son said Chi You"of the"son"also refers to the"clan",was to say that in the Huang Di-led clan there was a Chi You Department in the Confederation.Chi You was the southern Miao tribe north of the name of the clan leader and the unity of the clan name,for the Huang Di clan conquered and become part of it,some literature called the Huang Di vassal or the Huang Di minister,although the expression was different and actually refers to the same.The meaning of"clan"derived from the word"son'was the result of the generalization of the kinship title system to the political sphere in the ancient period.

关 键 词：蚩尤 黄帝 “子” 族 亲属称谓制度 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K877.5[政治法律—中外政治制度] K21[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]