水稻对干旱胁迫的生理生化响应及分子调控研究进展  

Research Progress in Physiological,Biochemical Responses of Rice to Drought Stress and Its Molecular Regulation

作　　者：郭展 张运波[1] GUO Zhan;ZHANG Yunbo(MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部长江中游作物绿色高效生产重点实验室/长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2024年第4期335-349,共15页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFD2301004);国家自然科学基金资助项目(32172108)。

摘　　要：水稻是全球最重要的粮食作物之一,其生长过程需要大量水分。随着全球气候变暖,干旱成为其产量的重要限制因素。因此,本文结合近些年的研究成果从形态(根系和地上部)、生理(气孔、蒸腾作用、光合作用和水分利用率)、生化(植物激素、脯氨酸等渗透调节剂和抗氧化剂)及分子水平(抗旱基因的表达水平)综述了水稻在干旱胁迫下的自我保护机制,可为全面了解水稻抗旱机制和选育抗旱品种提供参考。Rice is one of the most important food crops globally,and its growth requires more water than many other crops.With global warming,drought has emerged as the main factor limiting crop yields.Therefore,based on recent research achievements,this paper summarizes the self-protection mechanisms of rice under drought stress.This includes aspects such as morphology(plant height,roots,leaves,number of tillers,and plant biomass),physiology(stomata,transpiration,photosynthesis,and water use efficiency),biochemistry(plant hormones,proline,other osmotic regulators,and antioxidants),and molecular biology(expression levels of drought resistance genes).The aim is to comprehensively understand rice's drought resistance mechanisms and provide a reference for breeding drought-resistant varieties。

关 键 词：水稻 干旱胁迫 产量 形态 生理生化 分子水平 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]