2022年凤庆县65岁及以上老年人慢性病患病现况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the prvalence and influence factors of chronic diseases among the elderly aged 65 in Fengqing County in 2022

作　　者：黄淑娟 邵英[2] 苗雅[2] 陈杨[2] 石青萍[2] HUANG Shujuan;SHAO Ying;MIAO Ya;CHEN Yang;SHI Qingping(Fengqing County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lincang 675900,Yunnan Province,China;Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 650022,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]临沧市凤庆县疾病预防控制中心,云南临沧675900 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心,昆明650022

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2024年第3期147-153,共7页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解凤庆县65岁及以上老年人慢性病患病现况及影响因素,为开展老年人健康管理和慢性病防治提供科学依据。方法通过SPSS 18.0统计软件对2022年凤庆县自愿参加基本公共卫生服务的65岁及以上老年人健康体检中主要慢性病患病现况及影响因素进行分析,计数资料采用频数和百分率进行描述,慢性病与相关因素关联性的分析采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05,并对多种慢性病的协同共患情况进行分析。结果2022年凤庆县65岁及以上老年人常见慢性病患病率由高到低依次是高血压(51.81%)、高脂血症(34.63%)、贫血(26.41%)、糖尿病(9.63%)和肥胖(4.41%)。调查发现年龄、经济情况、吸烟、锻炼和腰围是凤庆县老年人常见慢性病共同的危险因素。凤庆县老年人群中存在高脂血症+肥胖+高血压+糖尿病、高脂血症+肥胖+糖尿病、高脂血症+肥胖+高血压、高脂血症+高血压+糖尿病、肥胖+糖尿病+高血压5类共患关系(P均<0.05)。结论凤庆县65岁及以上老年人常见慢性病为高血压、高脂血症、贫血、糖尿病和肥胖,存在多病共患现象。有效防控慢性病,须采取有针对性的综合性干预措施。Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of chronic diseases among the elderly in Fengqing County,so as to provide the scientific basis for the development of health management and prevention and treatment of chronic disease of the elderly.Methods SPSS 18.0statistical software was used to analyze the current status of chronic diseases and influencing factors in the health examination of the elderly aged 65 and above who voluntarily participated in basic public health services.Frequency and percentage were used to describe the counting data,and the correlation between chronic diseases and related factors was analyzed by the Chi-square test,with a test level of 0.05,and the synergistic co-occurrence of multiple chronic diseases was also analyzed.Results The prevalence of common chronic diseases among the elderly in Fengqing County from high to low were hypertension(51.81%),hyperlipidemi(34.63%),anemia(26.41%),diabetes mellitus(9.63%)and obesity(4.41%),and it was found that the age,economic situation,smoking,exercise and waist circumference were the common risk factors of chronic diseases among the elderly in Fengqing county.There were five categories of co-morbidities in the elderly population:hyperlipidemia+obesity+hypertension+diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia+obesity+diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia+obesity+hypertension,hyperlipidemia+hypertension+diabetes mellitus,and obesity+diabetes mellitus+hypertension(all P<0.05).Conclusions The common chronic diseases among the elderly in Fengqing County are hypertension,hyperlipidemia,anemia,diabetes mellitus and obesity,and there is a phenomenon of multidisease co-morbidity.Effective prevention and control of chronic diseases require targeted and comprehensive interventions.

关 键 词：老年人 慢性病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]