珠海市白纹伊蚊击倒抗性基因及拟除虫菊酯抗药性调查  

Investigation of knockdown resistance genes and pyrethroid resistance in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in Zhuhai city

作　　者：齐白钰 王颖 袁思祎 邓雯洋 李华 QI Baiyu;WANG Ying;YUAN Siyi;DENG Wenyang;LI Hua(Experimental Center of Preventive Medicine,School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生学院预防医学实验教学中心,广东广州510515

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2024年第5期641-646,共6页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2021A1515011835,2023A1515012133)。

摘　　要：目的了解广东省珠海市白纹伊蚊击倒抗性(kdr)基因分布情况及其对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性程度,为该地区蚊虫防治提供科学依据。方法2023年8-9月分别在珠海市5个行政区采集野外白纹伊蚊幼虫,带回实验室饲养至成蚊,通过形态学鉴定后提取单只成蚊的基因组DNA。扩增电压门控钠离子通道(VGSC)基因片段并进行基因测序后,使用SnapGene软件分析kdr基因的突变情况。使用世界卫生组织推荐的幼虫浸渍法,测定白纹伊蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗药性水平,利用SPSS 20.26软件计算毒力回归方程和幼虫的半数致死浓度(LC50)。结果珠海市野外种群白纹伊蚊在V1016和F1534位点均检测到kdr基因突变。5个行政区的154只白纹伊蚊发现1016位点野生型纯合子V/V(94.81%)和突变型纯合子G/G(5.19%)2种基因型;1534位点发现8种基因型,即野生型纯合子F/F(45.45%),野生/突变型杂合子F/C(1.30%)、F/S(18.18%)与F/L(0.65%),突变型纯合子C/C(13.64%)、S/S(10.39%)、L/L(9.74%)和突变型杂合子S/L(0.65%)。5个行政区白纹伊蚊幼虫对溴氰菊酯的抗性倍数为12.00~26.00,其中香洲区和高新区、金湾区呈高抗性水平,其余行政区均呈中抗性水平;对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性倍数为10.33~17.33,5个行政区均呈中抗水平;对氯菊酯的抗性倍数为4.10~7.40,5个行政区均呈低抗水平。结论珠海市白纹伊蚊野外种群已对3种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂表现出不同程度的抗性,并且观察到较高频率的kdr基因突变。蚊虫抗性水平的持续监测可为杀虫剂合理使用和延缓抗性产生提供科学基础。Objective To understand the distribution of knockdown resistance(kdr) genes in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in Zhuhai city, Guangdong province, and assess their resistance levels to pyrethroid insecticides, and provide scientific basis for mosquito control in the region. Methods In August and September 2023, wild larvae of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes were collected from five administrative districts in Zhuhai city. These larvae were brought back to the laboratory and feeded until they developed into adult mosquitoes. After morphological identification, genomic DNA was extracted from individual adult mosquitoes. A segment of the voltage-gated sodium channel(VGSC) gene was amplified and sequenced, and SnapGene software was used to analyze the mutations in the kdr gene. The World Health Organization-recommended larval immersion method was employed to determine the resistance levels of Aedes albopictus to pyrethroid insecticides.Additionally, the probit analysis and SPSS 20.26 software were utilized to calculate the toxicity regression equation and the lethal concentration for 50%(LC50) of the larvae. Results kdr gene mutations were detected at the V1016 and F1534 loci in wild populations of Aedes albopictus in Zhuhai city. Among 154 mosquitoes collected from the five administrative districts, the 1016 locus exhibited two genotypes: wild-type homozygous V/V(94.81%) and mutant homozygous G/G(5.19%). The 1534 locus revealed eight genotypes, including wild-type homozygous F/F(45.45%), wild/mutant heterozygous F/C(1.30%), F/S(18.18%) and F/L(0.65%), mutant homozygous C/C(13.64%), S/S(10.39%), L/L(9.74%), and mutant heterozygous S/L(0.65%). The resistance ratio of Aedes albopictus larvae to deltamethrin ranged from 12.00 to 26.00 in the five administrative districts, with Xiangzhou district, Gaoxin district, and Jinwan district showed high resistance levels, while the other districts showed moderate resistance. The resistance ratio to high-efficiency cypermethrin was 10.33-17.33, and all five administrative regions showed

关 键 词：白纹伊蚊 抗药性 击倒抗性 拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂 

分 类 号：R184.31[医药卫生—流行病学]