1990—2020年帕米尔高原无表碛覆盖冰川变化态势研究——基于Google Earth Engine平台  

Change trend of debris-free glaciers in the Pamir based on Google Earth Engine from 1990 to 2020

作　　者：陈逸青 段克勤 石培宏 李朝纲 CHEN Yiqing;DUAN Keqin;SHI Peihong;LI Chaogang(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2024年第3期742-753,共12页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0201);国家自然科学基金项目(41571062);中国博士后基金项目(2017M610622,2017BSHEDZZ18);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2023-JC-YB-259)资助。

摘　　要：帕米尔高原是亚洲高山区最大的冰川作用中心,其冰川融水在区域水资源与水循环中发挥关键作用。然而,近年来对帕米尔高原冰川变化的认识仍存在争议,一方面认为喀喇昆仑-帕米尔高原冰川存在异常前进现象,另一方面认为帕米尔冰川正在加剧退缩。究其原因,一是研究时空范围不重合,二是研究中对冰川的定义有所不同。为明晰帕米尔高原无表碛覆盖冰川近30年来的时空变化情况,本研究基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台,利用Landsat 5 TM和Landsat 8 OLI遥感影像数据,消除掉云层遮蔽、季节性积雪和冰川表碛覆盖对无表碛覆盖冰川面积的影响,获取了帕米尔高原1990—2020年期间无表碛覆盖冰川时空变化特征。结果显示,在过去30年帕米尔高原无表碛覆盖冰川面积以116.42 km^(2)·a^(-1)的速率由(12 108.98±250.38) km^(2)缩减到(8 616.44±7.72) km^(2)。在空间上,帕米尔高原西部无表碛覆盖冰川面积总体上呈退缩趋势,而帕米尔东部无表碛覆盖冰川面积则相对稳定。特别是在2000—2010年期间,帕米尔东部无表碛覆盖冰川面积存在异常增加现象,但自2010年,冰川面积退缩加速,冰川末端前进现象已不存在。结合气候及冰川高程变化分析,冰川跃动引起的冰川厚度减薄、冰川末端前进,是1990—2010年间帕米尔高原冰川异常前进的主要原因。The Pamir Plateau is the largest center of glaciation in the high mountain regions of Asia.Glacial melt water plays a key role in regional water resources and water cycle.However,in recent years,there are still controversies about the understanding of glacier changes in the Pamir Mountains.On the one hand,it is believed that there is an abnormal progression of glaciers in the Karakoram Pamir Mountains Plateau.On the other hand,it is believed that the glaciers in the Pamir Plateau are accelerating their retreat.The reasons for this are twofold:firstly,there is a mismatch in the spatiotemporal scope of the study,and secondly,there are differences in the definition of glaciers in the study.Based on this,in order to understand the trend and magnitude of glacier changes in the Pamir Mountains,this study,based on multi-source remote sensing images and the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform,constructed a glacier discrimination method combining the multi temporal minimum NDSI and the classification algorithm of glacial surface moraine area,automatically extracted the area change se-quence of debris-free glaciers in the Pamir Mountains from 1990 to 2020 without surface moraine coverage,and analyzed the spatio-temporal change characteristics and trends of debris-free glaciers in the region,And clarify whether there is a phenomenon of“Pamir Karakoram Glacier Anomaly”.This study provides a profound expla-nation of the current changes in glaciers in the Pamir region,which can effectively support regional water re-sources and ecological environment protection.In order to clarify the spatiotemporal changes of debris-free gla-ciers in the Pamir Mountains in the past three decades,this study,based on the GEE platform,combined image cloud cover,seasonal snow cover,moraine cover at the end of the glacier and other factors,obtained the spatio-temporal changes of high-resolution debris-free glaciers in the Pamir Mountains in the past 30 years.The results indicate that the combination of GEE cloud computing platform and glacier clas

关 键 词：Google Earth Engine 帕米尔高原 无表碛覆盖冰川 冰川异常 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]