管道中重质原油流变特性及流动传热规律  

Rheological characteristics and flow laws of heavy crude oil in a pipe

作　　者：常爱莲 黄远翔 李倩倩 CHANG Ailian;HUANG Yuanxiang;LI Qianqian(School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Process Equipment,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学机械与轨道交通学院,江苏常州213164 [2]江苏省能源动力高端装备工程研究中心(常州大学),江苏常州213164

出　　处：《常州大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期55-62,共8页Journal of Changzhou University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省自然科学青年基金资助项目(BK20220615);江苏省高等学校基础科学面上资助项目(22KJB130001);江苏省能源动力高端装备工程研究中心开放课题基金资助项目(JSNYDL-202208)。

摘　　要：因重质原油流动过程存在历史记忆性和全域相关性,经典牛顿本构模型无法有效刻画其流变特性。建立了能够有效刻画重质原油流变特性的空间分数阶本构模型,并基于有限元法数值模拟了原油流动与传热过程。主要研究了空间分数阶模型阶数对原油流动与传热的影响,分析了平均努塞尔数与摩擦阻力系数随着分数阶阶数的变化规律;并比较了管壁热边界条件分别为常壁温与壁面热流密度下,原油传热过程中局部努塞尔数和对流换热系数的变化情况。研究结果表明:随阶数α(α>1)的增大,原油流变性能逐渐向剪切变稀转变,加快了原油流动速度,同时原油传热性能增强,有助于原油的输运效率增加。此外,在壁面热通量条件下的传热效率高于常壁温条件下的传热效率。因此深入研究原油的流变特性以及流动与传热规律,可为提高管道原油输运效率与经济运行提供理论指导。The flow process of heavy crude oil has a strong historical memory and global correlation,and the classical Newton constitutive model cannot effectively describe its rheological characteristics.In this paper,a spatial fractional constitutive model was established to well describe the rheological properties of heavy crude oil.Meanwhile,the flow and heat transfer processes were numerically simulated based on the finite element method(FEM).The influence of the fractional model order on the flow and heat transfer of crude oil was mainly studied,and the variations of the average Nusselt number and the friction resistance coefficient with the spatial fractional order were analyzed.In addition,the changes of local Nusselt number and convective heat transfer coefficient during the heat transfer process of crude oil were compared under two thermal boundary conditions,namely,the constant wall temperature and the heat flux.The result showed that the rheological property of crude oil was known as shear thinning;meanwhile,the flow speed of crude oil was obviously improved and the heat transfer performance was effectively enhanced with the increase of orderα(α>1).Therefore,the rheological characteristics and flow as well as heat transfer laws of crude oil were deeply studied,which can provide theoretical guidance for further improving crude oil transport efficiency and economic operation in a pipe.

关 键 词：重质原油 管道 分数阶本构模型 数值模拟 流动与传热 

分 类 号：TE83[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程] O35[理学—流体力学]