优质食用甘薯品种(系)早熟性鉴定与筛选  

Early Maturity Identification and Selection of Sweet-potato Varieties(Strains)with Good Edible Quality

作　　者：庄少婷 ZHUANG Shao-ting(Quanzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jinjiang,Fujian 362212)

机构地区：[1]泉州市农业科学研究所,福建晋江362212

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第5期81-83,102,共4页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2023N0050)。

摘　　要：[目的]对15个优质食用甘薯品种(系)早熟性进行观察鉴定,以期筛选早熟性较好的优质食用品种供生产应用。[方法]以广薯87为对照,以植后100 d的薯块产量、结薯性状、品质等为主要依据开展早熟性鉴定与筛选。[结果]普薯32鲜薯、薯干和淀粉产量均最高,分别比对照增产17.3%、13.0%和11.8%,但未达显著水平,大多参试品种(系)植后第30天有结薯,收获期表现结薯浅、整齐、集中和较高的大中薯率(商品薯率),其中莆薯12和福薯604的大中薯率分别为90.6%和89.4%,高于对照。除泉薯二号和湖南白外,其他参试品种(系)薯块外观均较好,无明显缺陷;泉20611、泉薯29、普薯32和湖南白等4个品种(系)的综合食味品质评分均为83分,高于对照,其他品种(系)相当于或略低于对照。[结论]普薯32、泉薯29和福薯604等3个品种具有薯块产量高、结薯早、结薯集中整齐、外观和食用品质好等特性,适宜作为早熟优质品种在生产上应用,泉20611鲜薯产量较高,外观品质和蒸食品质优异,宜进一步试种考察。[Objective]Early maturity of the 15 sweet potato varieties with good edible quality were identified and select,which aimed to provide some varieties with early maturity for productions.[Method]As major foundations,yields of root,the rooting characters and root quality after 100 days growth in field were identified and select.[Result]Pushu 32 were with highest yield,the yields of fresh root,dry root and starch,which were 17.3%,13.0%and 11.8%higher than CK respectively.Most varieties(strain)had roots after 30 days growth in field,and had good rooting characters,such as shallow rooting,central rooting,neat root and high rate of commodity root after 100 days growth in field.The rates of commodity root of Pushu 12 and Fushu 604 were 90.6%and 89.4%respectively,higher than CK.Except for Quanshu 2 and Hunanbai,other varieties(strain)had good external appearance,and had not distinct faultiness.The comprehensive edible qualities of 4 varieties(Quan 20611,Quanshu 29,Pushu 32 and Hunanbai)were better than CK.[Conclusion]The 4 varieties(Pushu 32,Quanshu 29 and Fushu 604)all had some superior characters,such as high yield,early maturity,central rooting,neat root,good external appearance and good edible quality,they should be suitable for application as early maturity varieties(Strains)with good edible quality.Quan 20611 had high fresh root yield,good external appearance and edible quality,should be suitable for further investigation.Other varieties(Strains)had poor comprehensive performance.

关 键 词：甘薯 优质 早熟性 产量 鉴定与筛选 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]