水稻氮磷钾肥施用效果及最佳施肥量探究  

Exploration of the Application Effect and Optimal Fertilization Amount of Nitrogen,Phosphorus,and Potassium Fertilizer on Rice

作　　者：李珊 吴瑛莉 LI Shan(Dongyang Planting Technology Promotion Center,Dongyang,Zhejiang 322100)

机构地区：[1]东阳市种植业技术推广中心,浙江东阳322100 [2]金华市乡村人才科教中心,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第5期99-102,共4页Horticulture & Seed

摘　　要：[目的]研究和探索水稻生产最佳施肥模型,为全面推广测土配方施肥提供科学依据。[方法]按照农业农村部测土配方施肥技术规范要求,结合浙江省金华市东阳市水稻生产基本情况,参照当地习惯施肥水平,设置水稻不同施肥处理田间试验,获得肥料效应函数方程。[结果]施用不同配比氮、磷、钾肥对水稻产量有不同的影响,且3个施肥因子对水稻产量的影响依次为氮>磷>钾。该试验水稻最高产量为8 128.5 kg/hm^(2),较无肥区增产3 466.5 kg/hm^(2),增幅达到74.4%。[结论]根据3种营养元素肥料效应函数和试验实测产量,综合考虑产量、经济费用等因素,结合当地农业生产实际,推荐东阳市水稻最佳施肥量:N 235.35 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)59.55 kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 89.25 kg/hm^(2)。[Objective]The aim was to study and explore the best fertilization model for rice production,and provide scientific basis for the comprehensive promotion of soil testing and formula fertilization.[Method]According to the technical specifications of soil testing and formula fertilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,combined with the basic situation of rice production in Dongyang city,Jinhua city,Zhejiang province,and referring to the local customary fertilization level,the field experiments of different fertilization treatments of rice were set up to obtain the function equation of fertilizer effect.[Result]The application of different ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer had different effects on rice yield,and the effects of three fertilization factors on rice yield were nitrogen>phosphorus>potassium.The highest yield of rice in this experiment was 8128.5 kg/hm^(2),which was 3466.5 kg/hm^(2) higher than that in the non-fertilizer area,with an increase of 74.4%.[Conclusion]According to the fertilizer effect function of three nutrient elements and the measured yield of the experiment,considering the factors such as yield and economic cost,combined with the actual local agricultural production,the optimum fertilization amount of rice in Dongyang city was recommended:N 235.35 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)59.55 kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 89.25 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：水稻 肥效试验 施肥模型 推荐施肥量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]