纳米凹凸棒石对酚醛复合材料摩擦学性能的影响  

Effect of nano-attapulgite on tribological properties of phenolic composites

作　　者：王晓东 李欢 张嘎[2] 王小新[1] WANG Xiaodong;LI Huan;ZHANG Ga;WANG Xiaoxin(School of Polymer Science and Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China;State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院,山东青岛266042 [2]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第6期95-102,109,共9页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助项目(XDB0470201);中国科学院国际伙伴计划全球共性挑战专项资助项目(121B62KYSB20210030)。

摘　　要：源自优质黏土矿物资源的一维凹凸棒石(AT)纳米纤维,可用于增强复合材料并改善其摩擦磨损特性。采用酚醛树脂(PF)模塑料塑炼工艺及热压成型工艺制备了AT纳米纤维混杂传统微米纤维如碳纤维(CF)、玻璃纤维(GF)及芳纶纤维(AF)增强PF复合材料,系统考察了AT纳米纤维的含量对微米尺度短切纤维增强PF复合材料压缩性能及多种工况下摩擦学性能的影响规律,利用扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪表征了摩擦界面原位生长转移膜的微观结构,探索了AT纳米纤维与微米纤维在干摩擦、油润滑和水润滑条件下可能的协同减摩抗磨作用机理。结果表明,AT与高模量纤维(CF,GF)表现出显著的协同增强作用,显著提高了PF复合材料的压缩强度。当AT纳米纤维质量分数为20%时,CF/AT/PF与GF/AT/PF的压缩强度分别可达407 MPa及400 MPa。干摩擦条件下,AT分别与CF和AF的复配使用促进了固体润滑特性转移膜的生长,提高了材料的自润滑性能;油润滑条件下,GF/AT/PF表现出最高的耐磨性能,GF减薄可能是主要的磨损机理;水润滑条件下,AF/AT/PF表现出最低的摩擦系数,而CF/AT/PF表现出最高的耐磨性能。One-dimensional attapulgite(AT)nanofibers sourced from high-quality clay mineral resources can reinforce polymeric composites and improve their anti-friction and wear resistance.Hybrid phenolic resin(PF)composites reinforced with both AT and conventional microfibers,i.e.carbon fiber(CF),glass fiber(GF)and aramid fiber(AF),were prepared via plasticization mixing of PF molding compound and hot press techniques.The effects of AT nanofiber contents on mechanical properties and tribological properties(under multiple working conditions)of micron-scale chopped fibers reinforced PF composites.Microstructures of in-situ growth tribofilms established at friction interface were studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer.Possible synergetic roles and mechanisms of anti-friction and wear-reduction of AT nanofiber and the microfibers under dry friction,oil-lubricated and water-lubricated conditions were explored.The results demonstrate that combination of AT and high-modulus fibers(CF or GF)exhibits a significantly synergistic reinforcing effect on the PF matrix,greatly improving the compression strength of the PF composite.When the mass fraction of AT nanofiber is 20%,the compressive strength of GF/AT/PF and CF/AT/PF can reach 407 MPa and 400 MPa,respectively.Under dry friction condition,the addition of combined AT/CF or AT/AF into the PF matrix promotes tribofilm with solid lubrication characteristics growth on steel counterface.In particular,self-lubricating properties of CF/AT/PF and AF/AT/PF were identified.Under oil-lubricated conditions,GF/AT/PF shows the highest wear resistance among the composites,GF fiber thinning is surmised to be an important wear mechanism of the composite.When being subjected to sliding in water,AF/AT/PF shows the lowest friction coefficient,whilst CF/AT/PF shows the highest wear resistance.

关 键 词：凹凸棒石 摩擦磨损 纤维增强 多重工况 转移膜 

分 类 号：TQ322[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]